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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Chemical Compound.

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acidsand Bases

  2. Chemical Compound • Compoundsaregroupsoftwoormoreelementsthatarebondettogether.Amoleculeisthegeneraltermusedtodescribeatomsconnectedbychemicalbonds. Every combinationofatomsis a molecule. Compounds happen withatomsfrom different elements. So, all compoundsaremolecules, becausetheyhavebondsbetweentheatoms, like in water (H2O). Wikipedia

  3. Chemical formulae • The simplesttypesofchemicalformulasarecalledempiricalformulas.Sometimes a chemicalformulaiscomplicatedbybeingwrittenas a condensedformula. • Hydrochloric acid HCI • Nitric acid HNO3 • Phosphoric acid H3PO4 • Sulfuric acid H2SO4 • Boric acid H3BO3 • Hydrofluoric acid HF • Hydrobromic acid HBr • Perchloric acid HClO4 Wikipedia

  4. Properties ofacid • The propertiesofacidsare, theyaresourto taste, theycanreactwithsomemetalsandproduce hydrogen gas, theycancausesomeorganicthingstochangecolor, theycause a reactionwith limestone thatcreatescarbondioxide, andtheyreactwithbasestoproducewaterandsalts. • HCI,HNO3and H2SO4

  5. Bases • Bases aresubstancesthatreactwithacidsandneutralisethem. Theyareusuallmetalslike:Oxides, hydroxides, carbonatesor hydrogen carbonates. Manybasesareinsoluble = they do not dissolve in water. • If a basedoesdissolve in water, wecallit an alkali. Wikipedia

  6. Acids • An Acidisa compoundwhichusuallyishavinga sour taste anditisneutralizingalkalisandreddeningbluelitmus (litmuspaperis also sometimesyousedfordrugtesttoproofifsomeonehastakenthem) paperis, containing hydrogen thatcanbereplacedby a metalor an electropositivegroupto form a salt, orcontaining an atomthatcanaccept a pair ofelectronsfrom a base. Wikipedia

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