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Zoning & Land Use

The Michigan State University College o f Law Urban Food, Farm & Agriculture Law Practicum Kathryn Hynan. Zoning & Land Use.

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Zoning & Land Use

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  1. The Michigan State University College of Law Urban Food, Farm & Agriculture Law PracticumKathryn Hynan

  2. Zoning & Land Use • Zoning – written regulations and laws that define how property in specific geographic zones can be used; to partition by ordinance into sections reserved for different purposes • Residential Districts • Business Districts • Industrial Districts • Special Districts & Overlay Areas • Land use – the human use of land, which involves the management and/or modification of the natural environment or wilderness into built environments (i.e. settlements)

  3. Examples of Land Use in Detroit Proposed by the Detroit Works Project on Land Use: • Residential Use: • Green Residential • Low-Density • Medium Density • Green Mixed Rise • Landscape Use: • Large Park • InnovationProductive • InnovationEcological • Mixed Use: • Neighborhood Center • District Center • Live + Make • City Center • Industrial Use: • Light Industrial • General Industrial • Heavy Industrial

  4. Reading City Ordinances Detroit City Code - Chapter 61: Zoning Article VII: Residential Zoning Districts Division 4. R3 Low Density Residential District Detroit permits agricultural uses by zoning districts in its Zoning Ordinance. However, Detroit permits specific uses in sub-districts, like a “Low Density Residential District.” Detroit also separately permits narrow uses like “greenhouse” and “urban farm.” These uses can differ with each type of zoning district. DIVISION 4. R3 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT [. . .] Sec. 61-8-64. Conditional other uses. [. . .] (2) Greenhouse as provided for in ARTICLE XII.DIVISION 3.Subdivision H of this Chapter (3) Hoophouse as provided for in ARTICLE XII.DIVISION 3.Subdivision H of this Chapter (4) Signs as provided for in ARTICLE VI of this Chapter. (5) Urban farm as provided for in ARTICLE XII.DIVISION 3.Subdivision H of this Chapter

  5. 2 Ways to Gain Access to Land in Detroit.... • Ownership • Leasing

  6. Land Ownership Accessibility Zoning Adequate spacing • Advantages • Investment returns • Collateral • Permanence • Disadvantages • Property tax • Maintenance

  7. Options • 1. Land Bank: “a bank whose main function is to provide loans for land purchase, especially to farmers.” • 2. White Picket Fence Program: “allows property owners to buy vacant city-owned lots next to their property for $200.”

  8. Leasing Land • Advantages • Initial cost is cheaper • No long term commitment/investment • No responsibility for taxes • Disadvantages • No guaranteed renewal of property • Zoning • Funding

  9. Options • Gardens for Growth Program: Gardeners can lease plots of land for 1 year ($25) or 3 years ($75) • Adopt-A-Lot Program: free program ran by the City of Detroit; lease ends on December 31st each year

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