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. lv NIC 20 gadi. The Evolution of the DNS – new TLDs Alexander Schubert. Agenda. Introduction of the DNS in 1984 First Expansion in 2000 and 2004 ICANN`s 2012 new gTLD program How to introduce a new TLD Outlook: Will new TLD`s be success ? Damage for old TLD`s ?.
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.lv NIC 20 gadi The Evolution of the DNS – new TLDsAlexander Schubert
Agenda • Introduction of the DNS in 1984 • First Expansion in 2000 and 2004 • ICANN`s 2012 new gTLD program • How to introduce a new TLD • Outlook: Will newTLD`sbesuccess? • DamageforoldTLD`s?
1. Introduction of the DNS in 1984 • 1984 -> No commercialuse of Internet • 1 set of generic TLD`S (.com, .net, .org, etc) • And oneforeachcountry (ISO 3166 Codes) • Commercial use of Internet starts in 1994/95 • Already in 1996 callformoreTLD`s • Result: Foundation of ICANN in 1998
2. First Expansion in 2000 & 2004 • 7 new „test“-TLD`s in 2000 (.info, .biz, etc) • 8 more „test“-TLD`s in 2004 (.mobi, .asia, etc) • Test roundsfailed: No impact in the Internet • „.info“: 8.6 Million domains: No awareness • Whatwentwrong? • Low prices, domainspeculation, no awareness
ICANN`s 2012 new gTLD program • 2006: New ICANN PolicyDevelopmentProcess • 2007: Main Policyestablished • June 2011: ICANN announcesnew gTLD round • Q2 2012: Applicationdeadline • $US 185k // 1920 applications • Q2 2013: First newgTLD`s will enterroot
4. How to introduce a new TLD • Chose the right community as basis • Examples: „GEO“ or „Social Group“ • Involvethecommunity (createawareness) • 2 constituents: Users and Registrants • Createtrend in community • Keepawayspeculators! GenericName-Space • Responsiblepricing! „TrojanHorse“ Sunrise
Outlook: Will newTLD`sbesuccess? • Sadly: Most newgTLD`s will befailures • Somefew will be good success • GEO-TLD`sifmanagedproperly • Brand TLD`s • Community (.green, .gay, .music, .sport, .hotel) • VeryfewgeneraltermTLD`s (.shop, .web) • Many will makemoney, few will haveimpact
DamageforoldTLD`s? • HowmanyccTLD`s do youknoworusetoday? • WhatistheccTLD of Zambia? • Most people will knowonly a fewnewTLDs • No damageformostccTLD`slike .lvor .de • Small damagefor „.com“, „.net“ and „.org“