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The Cold War: The Beginnings

The Cold War: The Beginnings. Potsdam Conference. Meeting of the Big 3 Stalin took back free elections in Poland and banned democratic parties Soviet Army in E. Europe = West could do little. U.S. GOALS IN E. EUROPE: Self-governing nations Access to raw materials and markets

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The Cold War: The Beginnings

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  1. The Cold War: The Beginnings

  2. Potsdam Conference • Meeting of the Big 3 • Stalin took back free elections in Poland and banned democratic parties • Soviet Army in E. Europe = West could do little

  3. U.S. GOALS IN E. EUROPE: Self-governing nations Access to raw materials and markets Rebuild European govs. Reunite Germany SOVIET GOALS IN E. EUROPE Encourage communism Rebuild its economy by using E. European resources Control E. Europe to balance U.S. influence in W. Europe Keep Germany divided so it could not threaten the Soviet Union again.

  4. Satellite Nations • Stalin wanted a barrier between E. Europe and W. Europe. • Satellite Nations: countries dominated by the Soviet Union.

  5. U.S. Policy of Containment • Feb. 1946: George F. Kennan, U.S. diplomat proposed the policy of containment: • U.S. would take all measures to prevent any extension of communist rule to other countries.

  6. The Iron Curtain: 1949

  7. The Truman Doctrine • March 12, 1947: Declaration that the U.S. should support free countries trying resist communist pressure. • 1947 – 1950: U.S. sent $400 million in aiding Greece and Turkey

  8. The Marshall Plan • June 1947: Sec. of State George Marshall: The Marshall Plan • U.S. provide aid ($) to all European nations that needed it. • By 1952, 16 countries received some $13 billion in aid

  9. Post-War Germany

  10. The Berlin Airlift • West Berlin held hostage by Stalin • U.S. and Great Britain flew in supplies for 327 days • 277,000 flights • 2.3 million tons of supplies • May 1949, Soviets lifted the blockade.

  11. NATO • NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization. • Formation of 12 countries unified by increased Soviet aggression • Military support if one of the NATO countries was attacked • 1st time in history the U.S. was involved in a military alliance during peacetime.

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