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Vacuum Tower

Troubleshooting Process Operations . Vacuum Tower. chaperter13. Introduction. 原料：常压塔塔底出料 产品：润滑油， FCCU 原料油 操作条件： 闪蒸温度： 380-415 ℃ 压力： 7-14kPa. Analytical Strategies. what. why. how. Phenomenon. Reason. Solution. Common Troubles. 1. 2. Bottoms Pump NPSH. High Flash -Zone Pressure.

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Vacuum Tower

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  1. Troubleshooting Process Operations Vacuum Tower chaperter13

  2. Introduction 原料：常压塔塔底出料 产品：润滑油，FCCU原料油 操作条件： 闪蒸温度：380-415℃ 压力：7-14kPa

  3. Analytical Strategies what why how Phenomenon Reason Solution

  4. Common Troubles 1 2 Bottoms Pump NPSH High Flash-Zone Pressure Introduction 3 Ejector Problems 4 Transfer-Line Failures 5 Black Gas Oil 6 Light Resid 7 Excessive Production of Trim Gas Oil 8 Low Pumparound Draw Temperatures 9 Projects to Improve Gas Oil Recovery

  5. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH

  6. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Loss of Bottoms-Pump Suction Pressure

  7. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Reason1: Insufficient Quench Solution: Increase quench rate Reduce quench temp

  8. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Reason2: TPO Pan Overflows Solution: Reduce TGO pan level

  9. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Reason3: Too Much Gland Oil Pressure Solution: Substitute a heavy vacuum gas oil for a light gland oil

  10. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Reason4: Suction Screen Plugged Solution: Clean suction screen

  11. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH Reason5: Air Leak Solution: Test for a leaking seal

  12. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure

  13. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure Reason1: Coke Built Up on Demister Solution: Increase wash oil flow Shut down to clean

  14. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure Reason2: Overflow of PAR Trays Solution: Reduction in liquid pumparound rate

  15. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure Reason3: Ejector problems Solution: Check ejector

  16. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure Reason4: Thermal Cracking Solution: Circulating bottoms quench Reduce temp of feed

  17. 3.Ejector Problems

  18. 3.Ejector Problems

  19. 3.Ejector Problems

  20. 3.Ejector Problems Reason1: Air Leaks CO，CO2，O2 3.Ejector Problems Solution: Aerosol shave cream to test forleaks Locate the leak by noise

  21. 3.Ejector Problems Reason2: Motive Stream Quality F~(D2)*(P1) F=Stream flow D=Nozzle ID P1=Motive steam ,absolute pressure 3.Ejector Problems Solution: Reduce pressure of motive steam

  22. 3.Ejector Problems Reason3: Fouled Condenser Solution: Check the condenser

  23. 3.Ejector Problems Reason4: Plugged Seal Legs Solution: Examine the seal legs

  24. 3.Ejector Problems Reason5: Ejector Internals Solution: Examine the ejector

  25. 4.Black Gas Oil

  26. 4.Black Gas Oil Reason: 1.Demister pad dislodged 2. Demister pad coked 3.Low flash-zone pressure 4.Inadequate flow of wash oil 5.A high tower bottoms level

  27. 5.Excessive Production of TGO

  28. 5.Excessive Production of TGO Reason: 1.Overflow of wash oil 2.HVGO trapout pan leak 3.Low HVGO draw temperature

  29. 6.Low Pumparound Draw Temperature

  30. 6.Low Pumparound Draw Temperature Reason: 1.LVGO drawoff pan overflow 2.Leak in the LVGO pan

  31. 7.Light Resid

  32. 7.Light Resid Reason: 1.Leak TGO draw off pan 2.Low flash-zone temp 3.High flash-zone pressure 4.Inadequate velocity steam

  33. 8.Transfer-Line Failures

  34. 8.Transfer-Line Failures Reason: 1.Low flash-zone pressure 2.Lighter feed 3.Incorrectly sized transfer line

  35. 9.Projects to Improve Gas-oil Recovery

  36. Troubleshooting Process Operations Treating liquidhydrocarbons chaperter14

  37. Introduction

  38. Common Troubles 1 Carry-Over problems Introduction 2 Correcting Inadequate Treating 3 Vertical Wash Tower 4 Excessive Production of Trim Gas Oil 5 Low Pumparound Draw Temperatures 6 Projects to Improve Gas Oil Recovery

  39. 1.Carry-Over Problems

  40. 1.Carry-Over Problems Reason1: Miss Interface Level Solution: Interface controller broken or set incorrectly

  41. 1.Carry-Over Problems Reason2: Mix-Valve Pressure Drop Solution: Reduce the pressure drop

  42. 1.Carry-Over Problems Reason3:Inadequate Settler Residence Time Solution: Increase the residence time

  43. 1.Carry-Over Problems Reason4:High Circulation Rate Solution: Reduce the rate

  44. 2.Correcting Inadequate Treating Mass-Transfer Limits Reason: 1.Pump mechanical damage 2.Mix-valve plugged

  45. 2.Correcting Inadequate Treating Equilibrium Limitations Reason: 1.Problems of regenerated caustic 2.Feed from the upstream

  46. 3.Vertical Wash Tower

  47. 3.Vertical Wash Tower Carry-Over problems Reason: 1.Vertical velocity of discontinuous phase 2.Settle time of the discontinuous phase

  48. 3.Vertical Wash Tower Poor Treating Reason: 1.Poor liquid wash liquid 2.Problems of packing

  49. Vocabulary Coke 焦化 suction screen吸入滤网 gland oil 轻质润滑油 resid渣油 thermal cracking 热裂解 plug 堵塞 flange 法兰cavitation空穴 gas oil 柴油 flash zone 闪蒸区域 mercury-filled 水银柱式 demister 除雾器 manometer 压力计 gauge 计量器 trim gas oil 修剪油气 ejector（jet）喷射器 tail gas 废气

  50. Vocabulary clearance 空隙 caliper 卡尺 throttle 节流阀 FCCU 催化裂化装置 dislodge 驱逐，离开原位 HVGO 重真空油 LVGO 轻真空油trapout受液盘 naphtha 石脑油 heater pass 加热旁通管 turbine 涡轮backflush逆流，回洗 pumparound泵送系统 wash oil 洗油 mercaptans硫醇 caustic 腐蚀剂 malfunction 失灵 effluent 污水 settler 沉淀器 residence time 停留时间

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