Public Safety IT Cyber Security Challenges In Today’s Information Sharing World

1. Public Safety IT Cyber Security Challenges In Today’s Information Sharing World April 4 2013

2. 9/11 Changed Public Safety Communications Focus • Stressed the need for better collaboration • Stressed the need for better situational awareness • Stressed the need to better share information 9-1-1 WTC

3. Harris County • Had already started building a regional Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system in 1996 for public safety first responders. • Today through partnerships with other counties, cities and public safety agencies it’s one of the largest LMR networks in the country with numerous public safety partners on the infrastructure and approximately 85,000 Federal, State and Local public safety users sharing one radio network.

4. TxWARNPublic Safety Land Mobile Radio System

5. Why Are Shared Networks Important? 9/11 Terrorist treats as well as our daily treats Harris County Hurricane Evacuation DFW Tornadoes 2012

6. 1777 square miles • Over 4.1 million people • 2nd largest port based on exports • 3rd largest county in U.S. by population • 34 cities • 54 fire departments • Over 125 law enforcement agencies • 22 major watersheds • Over 1200 water and electrical districts • 8800 miles of pipeline • 35 Presidential Declarations of Disaster Harris County Overview In 2011, Harris County had 52 EOC activations and monitoring incidents

7. U.S. manufacturing cities • Largest Port in the US for international commerce • Energy capital of US • Largest IT service economy in US Port of Houston The Region Ranks #1 in… • Port generate $178.5 billion+ in statewide economic impact • 1 million jobs in Texas are dependent upon port activity

8. Texas Wildland Fires Comal County Floods Amarillo Ice Storms DFW Tornadoes

9. Texas: Leading the Nation in Disasters Bastrop Fires 2011

10. Texas: Leading the Nation in Disasters

11. Texas: Leading the Nation in Disasters Texas has faced far more catastrophic incidents than even the second place state, California.

12. Public Safety Long Term Evolution (LTE) 4G is Vital to Public Safety First Responders A Nationwide PS 4G Shared Network Will Help Minimize & Faster Recover From The Treats Through better collaboration and information sharing Man Made/Terrorist 9-1-1 WTC The Importance Is These Events Either Terrorist Or Natural • Usually result in the lose of life • Impact our economy Natural Disasters Hurricane Ike 2008

13. Collaboration Is A Must US Coast Guard City of Baytown HCSO HSCSD A Complete Solution City of Houston HC ITC & PID Federal State Local & Private Public Partnership State of Texas TxDOT & DPS

14. Houston Ship Channel Security District This Private Public Partnership has not only helped with our LTE deployment for better information sharing Infrastructure and equipment to minimize or reduce our Man Made/Terrorist threat

15. Infrastructure Sharing View Sharing Arrangements • Remarkable diversity of tower owners (7) of current (14) sites • TxDoT, Harris County ITC , Texas DPS, City of Baytown, Transtar, Cypress Creek EMS and T-Mobile • Core Equipment Facilities • Texas A&M, TxDoT/Harris Co. • Backhaul • LEARN, TxDoT Fiber, HSCSD, Harris Co. Public Infrastructure Dept, HC Toll Road Authority • Commercial Site Sharing • Existing T-Mobile Agreement • User Site Sharing • Baytown – Reduced Fees Early partnerships with tower providers, carrier and local agencies enabled a viable business model.

16. BIG-Net: Born of Necessity • Cellular networks were completely lost during hurricane evacuation due to congestion • LMR voice worked well but mobile data applications via cellular were either lost or converted to satellite if available • Non-LMR responders were not reachable • After the storm, cellular networks were down and responders were dependent upon carrier response • Carriers responded as quickly as possible but based upon their own evaluation of priority • Harris County realized that mobile data is mission critical as well -- An alternative was essential

17. Texas PS LTE Background • Harris County began planning for PS LTE in 2009 • Funded system efforts through Port Security grant program and local contributions for match and O&M through the Port Security District • Texas was one of the initial 21 waivers issued by FCC • In May 2011, Texas received a statewide waiver from the FCC in the Texas Waiver Order (11-863) • In partnership with Harris County ITC, the State aggressively pursued authorization to operate • Since the Texas Waiver, DPS has filed over 1800 pages and over 70 filings with FCC Represents original waiver entities

18. PS LTE Addresses Critical Needs • Provides Public Safety First Responders better situational awareness & capability • Integration of video, computer aided dispatch, priority service and LMR Push-to-Talk interoperability along with the ability to roam to a National Carrier with current subscribers being provisioned for the 3G network • Large disasters and weather events - hurricane season, tornados, flooding, wild fires • Protects critical infrastructure through better information sharing • Replacing antiquated equipment and data services • Supporting transportation Hurricane Ike resulted in 195 deaths and $37.5 Billion in damage

19. Recent Developments • FCC approved Texas Interoperability Showing, v9, on July 31, 2012 allowing operation for 31 days • In August, Texas applied for 6 month Special Temporary Authority (STA) • FCC granted Texas STA for 14 sites for Harris County on August 31, 2012 (12-1432) • Allowed use of all 20 MHz of spectrum Super Bowl Ice Storm Dallas 2011

20. Harris County System Requirements Enable dedicated services to support First Responders: Essential for safety & efficiency Deliver service even when carrier networks are most likely to be down or congested: Evacuation of 3 million plus people in 36 hours Redundancy and hardening: An infrastructure no less reliable than the regional Public Safety LMR system – TxWARN Enable group-based services: Interagencyresponse & collaboration is crucial in this region of so many shared resources Enable high bandwidth for data intensive applications: Video especially key for port security and other applications Deliver dynamic priorities to handle overload situations: Dynamic and multiple local control; partitioning

21. Additional State Requirements Facilitate an open, standards-based environment Support diversity & choice while maintaining cohesive, long-term plan • Enable nationwide interoperability • Support integration into and deployment of the Nationwide PS Broadband Network (NPSBN) Serve ALL of Texas • Strategically position Texas for the future • Next Generation 9-1-1 • Border operations • Integration with existing Land Mobile Radio (P25) • Urban • Border • Rural • Tribal • Law Enforcement • Fire • EMS • Transportation

22. Mission Critical Requirements One to Many ~500ms group communications setup, low latency LMR LTE Network Resiliency Site & zone trunking, failsoft, IP path re-routing Mission Critical Devices High velocity, ruggedized, environment, accessories Standardsevolution3GPP, TIA, OMA FeaturedevelopmentR&D Investment Feature rolloutTest, trial, & deploy Direct Mode Subscriber continuity, out-of-network coverage Available Today Dispatch Console control & interrupt, agency partitioning Coverage 95%+ guaranteed geographic coverage, in-building Interoperability LMR networks, legacy applications & services Emergency Subscriber ID, location, remote monitor, pre-emption Priority Individual, group, jurisdictional, agency, voice Security E2E encryption, key management, access control

23. With The Need To Collaborate More & Integrate Our Systems Nationwide For Better information Sharing Creates Bigger PotentialFor Cyber Treats

24. How Do We Minimize Cyber Threats Mobile VPN CLIENTS Proven Policies and Procedures Intrusion Detection Software

25. Security Initiatives

26. Harris County BIG-Net Overview Broadband Interoperability Gateway Network (BIG-Net) • BIG-Net operates on PS PLMN ID 313-100 • First one issued! • BIG-NET Vehicular-based system using Vehicle Subscriber Modem (VSM) • Distributed EPC components for operational efficiencies • EPC connected to Harris County PSAN • EPC connected TxWARN • P25 to LTE PTT service • Not connected to commercial carrier at network layer • Initial applications include: • video, PTT, database inquiries, and intranet access • Approximately 40 Units in operational testing Illustration is conceptual, not all connections are shown.

27. Multi-Network Operation Currently no connection between networks Commercial EVDO (3G) Operating on BIG-Net BC14 Operating On Verizon • Uses Mobile VPN Routers in both: • Connects to 3G EVDO OR 4G PSLTE BC14 • 3G requires separate subscription • Switch-over performed by VPN BC14 Harris County Coverage • Design allows coverage throughout region, but is not optimal • 3G not as robust, delivers fewer features and control mechanisms Nationwide Commercial 3G Coverage

28. BIG-Net System Diagram: Backhaul & Status Tomball Cypress Creek HCPID Backhaul Network DPS HQ WARFN-H Baytown N Main Hensel Wallisville Pinehurst Gessner Transtar McElroy Park WARFN-I TX99 Kyle Field Evergreen WARFN-K BIG_Sys_Backhaul_v4.1

29. Harris County Coverage – Current • Current coverage for (7) operational sites • Dark green = VSM Uplink • Light green = VSM Downlink

30. Harris County Coverage – 14 Sites • Footprint of (14) sites as authorized • Dark green = VSM Uplink • Light green = VSM Downlink

31. BIG-Net Ownership View Baytown Harris County Tomball Cypress Creek HCPID Transtar Backhaul Network TX DPS T-Mobile DPS HQ TAMU Wallisville Baytown N Main WARFN-H Houston Pinehurst McElroy Park Gessner Transtar Hensel TX99 WARFN-I Evergreen WARFN-K

32. Additional Coverage for Security Operations • Port Security is a constant concern as so much of the nations energy resources pass here • Border violence is still very real and very intense April 2012

33. Thank You! John Chaney Mobility Architect Harris County Information Technology Center John.chaney@itc.hctx.net