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中文课

中文课. 九月十九号. Review before the quiz. Any last minute questions? Give quiz: 20 minutes to complete. Students come outside individually for the verbal portion. Introduction. News report: DaSean Today’s plan: Review pre-1911 history, complete the Ming and Qing Dynasty material

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中文课

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  1. 中文课 九月十九号

  2. Review before the quiz • Any last minute questions? • Give quiz: 20 minutes to complete. Students come outside individually for the verbal portion.

  3. Introduction • News report: DaSean • Today’s plan: • Review pre-1911 history, complete the Ming and Qing Dynasty material • Radicals on page 17.

  4. Chinese History Pre-1911 • The China we think of today did not always exist as one country. • The geography has changed significantly over about 5,000 years of history. • See this link for the map animation. • First major character in history was Confucius, who lived around 550 BC. His teachings became extremely important to Chinese culture and shaped the political and social events. • First ruler of a unified China was 秦始皇 (QínShǐhuáng), who ruled from 259 BC to 210 BC. He’s the one in the picture. Under his rule, China began building the Great Wall. • The name Qin is where the word CHINA comes from. • There are many dynasties dating back thousands of years. We will only look at the most recent ones, but you may hear about: • Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC) • Han Dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) • Wei and Jin Period (265 – 420 AD) • Wu Hu Period (304-439) • Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 – 589) • Sui Dynasty (589 – 618) • Tang Dynasty (618 – 907)

  5. Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) • Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty in 1271. At this time, the rule was only in northern China, near Beijing. This was a period of Mongolian rule. • In 1276, Kublai Khan led his army to capture southern territories, uniting the whole country. • Agricultural economy during this time, a relatively prosperous era due to new farming techniques, new technology, and the creation of paper money. • China began trading with foreign countries. This was around the same time Marco Polo travelled to Asia from Europe. • In 1367, internal problems amongst the ruling class, natural disasters, and an angry population brought an end to the Yuan Dynasty. A rebel army led to Zhu Yuanzhang ended the Yuan Dynasty.

  6. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) • Zhu Yuanzhang made himself emperor and started the Ming Dynasty in 1368 and captured Beijing, expelling all Mongols. • Zhu ended a lot of the corruption and problems of previous eras. Punished a lot of the officials and rulers from previous times. • The lives of the peasants improved. • Chinese influence throughout the world grew, as Emperor Chengzu send a fleet of ships to other Asian countries to explore and trade from 1405 to 1433. • Chengzu moved the capital to Beijing from Yingtian in 1421.

  7. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) • Economically, feudalism started to end, and capitalism began to emerge. Food output increased. Also, new industries emerged. Porcelain was created on a large scale. New industries in silk, alcohol, tobacco, fruits and vegetables were developed. New cities were formed. • Later in the Dynasty, restrictions were made, which made commerce much more difficult. • New forms of art and literature were created. New weapons an military technology were made. • Architecture was also very important. • Forbidden City • Great Wall was further developed. • Corruption and natural disasters created big problems at the end of the Ming Dynasty. Dozens of rebel armies attacked Xi’An and Beijing, two important cities. • The Ming Dynasty officially ended when EmerporWeizong hanged himself in Beijing.

  8. Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) • Started in 1644 when Li Zicheng led a peasant’s uprising and started a new regime in Beijing. • There were new policies to revive the economy and improve the lives of peasants. The country became more politically centralized. • The country expanded to new frontiers, including Tibet, Xinjiang, Taiwan, and Mongol regions. • Cultural and technological developments continued.

  9. Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) • 1841: British officially take control of Hong Kong • Under the corrupt rulers of the later part of the Qing Dynasty, rebellions and uprisings took place. The Opium War (1840) and Western influence in Asia weakened the leaders. • In the late 1800’s, the Westernization Movement: An effort to adopt Western culture, technology, and philosophy. • Reform Movement of 1898: A cultural, educational and political reform inteded to modernize the country. • Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864): A civil war in southern China • The Revolution of Sun Yat-Sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty, ending the monarchy system and making China a more modern Republic.

  10. Radicals on page 17

  11. Business opportunities • Eurolux antiques • Safe Passage • Passage Maker • KJR Resources • Chinese money

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