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Database Systems

Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer. Chapter 7. Database Systems. Basic Data Management Concepts Organizing Data in a Database Database Management Systems Using Database Systems in Organizations Database Trends Managing Databases. The Value of Databases.

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Database Systems

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  1. Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer Chapter 7 Database Systems Basic Data Management Concepts Organizing Data in a Database Database Management Systems Using Database Systems in Organizations Database Trends Managing Databases

  2. The Value of Databases • Databases and Database Management Systems (DBMS) transform large quantities of data into specific and valuable information for accomplishing some goal.

  3. Key Terms • DBMS • Field • Record • File • Primary Key 7.1 Basic Data Management Concepts

  4. DATABASE DBMS Database Management System (DBMS) • A DBMS consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user or the database and application programs. SecureAccess Front End Back End

  5. File or Table Field(Attribute) Records (Entities) Database • A collection of data organized to meet user’s needs.

  6. Database Fields • Fields are set to hold specific types of data.

  7. Database A Database is a collection of files/tables

  8. Database Heirarchy

  9. Keys and Primary Key • Key: A field in a record that is used to identify the record • Primary key: A field that uniquely identifies a record • A primary key field prevents duplicate records from occurring in a table.

  10. Primary Keys Which field would act as the best primary key?

  11. Primary Keys

  12. Simple but Restrictive DBMS

  13. The Database Approach to Data Management

  14. Key Terms • Relational Model • Data Analysis • Object Oriented Database 7.2 Organizing Data in a Database

  15. The Relational Model • In a relational database, tables are linked (related) through common fields.

  16. Relation Types • One-to-many • Most typical • Makes use of primary key • One-to-one • Many-to-many

  17. Data Analysis • Data analysisis a process that involves evaluating data to identify problems with the content of a database. • Consider what would happen if CardNumber were not a primary key, and two or more customers had the same CardNumber. • Data Integrity refers to the accuracy of the data in a database. GIGO, or Garbage In Garbage Out, refers to the fact that inaccurate data entered in a database will result in inaccurate information produced from the database.

  18. Object Oriented Database • An object-oriented database encapsulates the data and the processing instructions together as objects in the database. Data Data Data Data Actions Actions Actions Actions

  19. Key Terms • Data Integrity • GIGO • Schema • Data Dictionary • SQL 7.3 Database Management Systems

  20. Database Types • Single User vs. Multiuser • General-Purpose vs. Special-Purpose • Open-Source

  21. Creating a Database • A schema is an outline the logical and physical structure of the data and relationships among the data in the database.

  22. Creating a Database • A data dictionary provides a detailed description of all data used in the database.

  23. Database Strengths • Data can be sifted, sorted and queried through the use of data manipulation languages.

  24. Data Manipulation Language • A Data Manipulation Language (DML) is a specific language provided with the DBMS that allows people and other database users to access, modify, and make queries about data contained in the database, and to generate reports. • Structured Query Language (SQL): The most popular DML. • SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JOB_CLASSIFICATION = ‘C2”

  25. Key Terms • Data Warehouse • Data Mining • Distributed Database 7.4 Using Database Systems in Organizations

  26. Data Stores • Data Warehouse: A database that holds important information from a variety of sources. • Data Mart: A small data warehouse, often developed for a specific person or purpose. • Data Mining: the process of extracting information from a data warehouse. • “Connecting the dots”

  27. Data Stores

  28. Business Intelligence • Business Intelligence is the use of data mining to help increase efficiency, reduce costs, or increase profits.

  29. 7.5 Database Trends

  30. Databases and the Internet • The Web is frequently used as the Front End of DBMS’s.

  31. Distributed Database

  32. Other Types of Databases • Visual, audio, and unstructured database systems organize non-textual data.

  33. Key Terms • Database Administrator 7.6 Managing Databases

  34. Database Administrator • A database administrator (DBA) is a skilled and trained computer professionals who directs all activities related to an organization’s database, including providing security from intruders.

  35. 1. What does SQL stand for? 2. What type of database is Access? 3. What is OO? 4. ______ is the process of extracting information from a data warehouse. “Connecting the dots” 5. ______ is a field that uniquely identifies a record. Chapter 7 Questions?

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