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India’s Ancient Epics and Tales (Volume A)

India’s Ancient Epics and Tales (Volume A). India, 1200 B.C.E. –100 C.E. History. before the time of historical records Indus-Harappan, trade culture Indo-Aryan, agrarian culture Sanskrit the Vedas. Vedas and Upanisads. sacred texts visionaries ( rsis ) poets ( kavis )

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India’s Ancient Epics and Tales (Volume A)

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  1. India’s Ancient Epics and Tales (Volume A)

  2. India, 1200 B.C.E.–100 C.E.

  3. History • before the time of historical records • Indus-Harappan, trade culture • Indo-Aryan, agrarian culture • Sanskrit • the Vedas

  4. Vedas and Upanisads • sacred texts • visionaries (rsis) • poets (kavis) • ritual formulas (mantras) • commentary (śāstras) • rule books (sūtras)

  5. Hinduism • self-generation • primordial substance • godhead • Purusa (spirit) • Brahman (Upanisads) • moksa • atman

  6. Brahmana Caste

  7. Rg-Veda • Vedic hymns • Punjab • small republic • hereditary monarchs

  8. Ramayana • caste • brahmanas, ksatrivas, vaisyas, sudras • endogamy • political leadership

  9. Mahābhārata • end of republican ideal • Hinduism • “untouchables” • polygamy

  10. Bhagavad-gitā

  11. Jataka Tales • Buddhism, Jainism • mosksa versus nirvāna • karma • reincarnation • Great Vows (mahavrata) • Siddhartha

  12. Changes • internal religious division • religious dissent • arrival of new faiths • diversity and pluralism

  13. India

  14. Test Your Knowledge Indo-Aryan culture, which displaced Indus-Harappan culture starting about 2000 B.C.E., focused primarily on which of the following? a. military conquestb. large-scale monoculturec. trade and industryd. family farming

  15. Test Your Knowledge What was the primary language used to produce Indian literature even into the nineteenth century? a. Englishb. Indianc. Latind. Sanskrit

  16. Test Your Knowledge The earliest works composed in South Asia were hymns. These were organized into four groups called: ___________ . a. Vedasb. Upaniṣadsc. kāvyad. mantras

  17. Test Your Knowledge Hinduism, the primary religion in ancient India, is characterized by which of the following? a. monotheismb. polyandryc. polytheismd. brahmanism

  18. Test Your Knowledge Alternative religious beliefs to Hinduism found expression in which of the following? a. the Rāmāyanab. the Mahābhāratac. the Bhagavad-gītād. the Jātaka tales

  19. This concludes the Lecture PowerPoint presentation forThe Norton Anthology of World Literature

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