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Introduction to Fiction. Basic Terms for Discussion. Study Guide for Section One. The Short Story. Elements of fiction. I. Plot A. Dramatic structure B. Exposition C. Complication 1. Rising action 2. Conflict 3. Moments of crisis D. Climax . Elements of Fiction. E. Dénouement
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Introduction to Fiction Basic Terms for Discussion
Study Guide for Section One The Short Story
Elements of fiction • I. Plot • A. Dramatic structure • B. Exposition • C. Complication • 1. Rising action • 2. Conflict • 3. Moments of crisis • D. Climax
Elements of Fiction • E. Dénouement • 1. closed dénouement • 2. open dénouement
Elements of Fiction • II. Characterization • A. Protagonist • B. Antagonist • C. Development • D. Motivation • E. Description
Elements of Fiction • III. Point of view • A. First-person narration • 1. The narrator is a participant in the story • 2. The narrator must be present at all times • B. Third-person narration • 1. employs a non-participant narrator • 2. Narrator is capable of moving from place to place in the story and never reveals its source
Elements of Fiction • C. Omniscience • 1. total omniscience is where the narrator knows everything • 2. editorial point of view goes even further, allowing the godlike author to comment directly on the action • 3. limited omniscience is where the storyteller limits himself to the thoughts of a single character • 4. dramatic (or objective) point of view is where the narrator simply reports dialogue and action with minimal interpretation and does not delve into characters’ minds
Elements of Fiction • IV. Theme • A. A story’s “theme” is the overall meaning the reader derives from it. There’s no one “correct” theme, but some are more likely than others.
Elements of Fiction • V. Setting • A. Put simply, it is the time and place of a story. • 1. Locale • 2. historical fiction • 3. Regionalism • 4. magic realism
Elements of Fiction • VI. Style, Tone, and Symbolism • A. Style = a writer’s characteristics of language • 1. diction • 2. sentence structure • 3. punctuation • 4. use of figurative language
Elements of Fiction • B. Tone = The tone of the story is what we can indirectly determine about the author’s own feelings about its events from his choice of words • C. Symbolism = When actions take on a larger meaning in the context outside the story