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SUTime

SUTime is a Java library that recognizes and normalizes time expressions using regular expression patterns, following the TimeML TIMEX3 standard. It resolves relative times, durations, and ranges. However, it has limitations such as poor support for holidays and ranges.

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SUTime

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  1. SUTime JavaNLP time annotations

  2. What does SUTime do? • Similar to GUTime • Recognizes time expressions using patterns • Deterministic, based on regular expression patterns • Greedy (picks longest sequence of tokens that may represent a time expression) • Normalizes time expressions • Annotations follow TimeML TIMEX3 standard • http://www.timeml.org/site/publications/timeMLdocs/timeml_1.2.1.html#timex3 • XSD: http://www.timeml.org/timeMLdocs/TimeML.xsd • Extensions for time expressions that are not supported by TIMEX3 standard • Resolves relative times with respect to reference date

  3. SUTime Time Representation • Main Temporal types • Time – A instance in time (2011-08-11), can be partially specified (Friday), with limited granularity • Duration - A length of time (3 days) • Range – Time interval with start and end points • Set – A set of temporals • Periodic sets: Every Friday

  4. SUTime Representation • Time • Standard date and times (in years, months, days, day of week, hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds) • Common times: Seasons (e.g. winter), Time of day (e.g. morning), Weekend • Partial Times (June => XXXX-06) • Relative Time (last week) • Duration • Exact durations (specified in milliseconds or in fields) • Inexact durations (a few years => PXY) • Duration ranges (2 to 3 months => P2M/P3M)

  5. SUTime Limitations • Holidays are not supported • Support for ranges is poor • from 3 to 4 p.m is identified as 15:57:00 • 12-13 March 2011 (12-13 is ignored) • Resolving relative expressions with respect to the given reference date can be problematic • Handling of ambiguous phrases is poor • Some common words (e.g. spring/fall) are always identified as a temporal expression • Patterns are language (English) specific • …

  6. SUTime Usage • TimeAnnotator • TimeAnnotatortimeAnnotator = new TimeAnnotator(“sutime”, properties); • Properties: • Specifies SUTime options (prefixed by “sutime.”) • Pipeline • TimeAnnotator should come after the tokenizer, sentence splitter, and pos tagger • Optional (also before): NER or NumberAnnotator/QuantifiableEntityNormalizingAnnotator

  7. SUTime Options

  8. SUTime input annotations • DocDateAnnotation (String) • If present, then the string is interpreted as a date/time and used as the reference document date with respect to which other temporal expressions are resolved • SentencesAnnotation (List<CoreMap>) • If present, time expressions will be extracted from each sentence and each sentence will be annotated individually. • TokensAnnotations (List<CoreLabel>) • Required either at the entire annotation level or per sentence level.

  9. SUTime output annotations • Timex.Annotations (List<CoreMap>) • List of time expressions (each a CoreMap) • On the entire annotation and also for each sentence • Time annotations (for each time expression/CoreMap)

  10. SUTime output annotations • Standard annotations (for each time expression) Note: Indices are 0-based, and always relative to the original annotation. Begin indices are inclusive, end indices are exclusive.

  11. Comparison with GUTime

  12. SUTime and GUTime examples

  13. Examples (GUTime unsupported) Reference Date is 2011-08-01

  14. Examples (SUTime unsupported) Reference Date is 2011-08-01

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