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Topographic Dependency of Rainfall Characteristics in Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

This presentation discusses the findings from the NERN project on the topographic influence on rainfall patterns and characteristics in Sierra Madre Occidental, Northwest Mexico. It emphasizes the diurnal cycle of precipitation and includes information on radar networks and rain gauge observations.

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Topographic Dependency of Rainfall Characteristics in Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

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  1. Topographic Dependency of Rainfall Characteristics from the Sierra Madre Occidental in Northwest Mexico NERN Project Team: NCAR, U. Arizona, U. Sonora, IMADES, ITSON, NOAA-CPC, Hampton U. 29th Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop October 20, 2004

  2. Outline of Presentation: • Brief overview of the precipitation event monitoring network in Mexico for the 2004 NAME-EOP • Recent findings from the NERN with emphasis on the diurnal cycle • Complimentary activities

  3. Radar Umbrella Radius: Approx. 150 km NEXRAD Midland NEXRAD Tucson NEXRAD Yuma NEXRAD El Paso NEXRAD San Angelo SMN Cd. Obregon SMN El Palmito SMN Guasabe NCAR SPOL SMN Los Cabos

  4. NERN-Spol Radar Network:

  5. NAME Simple Rain Gauge Network • 141 Gauges • Daily Reporting

  6. NERN Configuration: • 87 Event logging, tipping bucket raingages • 6 major W-E transects traversing SMO • Major improvement in topographic and temporal sampling of precipitation • Installed 2002-2003, in operation through spring of 2006 • Not available in real-time Contacts: gochis@rap.ucar.edu, watts@fisica.uson.mx, garatuza@itson.mx

  7. NAME Physiographic Relationships 2002 2003

  8. Precipitation Analyses: Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation Frequency

  9. Precipitation Analyses: Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation Frequency

  10. Precipitation Analyses: Diurnal Cycle of Precip. Frequency Jul-Aug ’03 Transect Mean Diurnal Cycle

  11. Precipitation Analyses: Diurnal Cycle of Intensity

  12. Precipitation Analyses: Extreme Precipitation, Maximum Hourly Intensity • Popular theme: Jones et al. Extreme precip and MJO • Saha CFS extreme precip validation • Kunkel Extreme precip. 1895-2003 • What is an extreme? S. Saha “Large departure from • normal” (>= 2, 1.5)

  13. Precipitation Analyses: Extreme Precipitation, Maximum Hourly Intensity

  14. 5-Min 1-Day

  15. Gulf Surges During 2003 – NERN Analysis

  16. CPC-NERN Aug 02 Total Precipitation CPC-NERN Jul-Aug 03 Total Precipitation Quantifying Uncertainty in QPE Products • Difference in monthly and • seasonal precipitation in • CPC daily gridded analyses • and NERN • Appear to be regions of • persistently high uncertainty • Useful a value-analysis of • NERN gauges in formation • of a long-term observing • network

  17. GMWL: dD=8.13*d18O+10.8 NERN-03: dD=5.97*d18O-5.65 Complimentary Activities: Isotopic Analysis • Evaporation of falling rain appears to be significant only in the desert climate of the • three northwestern stations (Tucson, Mazocahui and Huasabas). Trend in O18 • values from northwest to southeast is mainly a function of station altitude. • The samples generally plot close to the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL) but • do show evidence of some interannual variability (Courtesy of Chris Estoe, U. Arizona)

  18. NAME Community Archives • Hydrological Data (NHWG-Action Plan) • Daily Reports from the CNA from Sonora (and Sinaloa) • Streamflow, reservoir levels, precipitation, pan evaporation • Currently in Excel Spreadsheets • Will be distributed via JOSS NAME Data Catalog • WRF Modeling Archive • Jul 1 – Sep 1, 2004 • 2x Daily 48-hr Forecasts • GFS Initialization and Boundary Forcing • 12 km horizontal resolution, 31 vertical layers • Available to community via NCAR Mass Store (1.22 Gb) • Photo Archive • UCAR Digital Image Library (https://www.fin.ucar.edu/ucardil/default.jsp) • NOAA Photo Library (http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/)

  19. Precipitation Analyses: Topographic Dependence of the Diurnal Cycle of Wet Day Rain Rate

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