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Chapter 8.5: Nervous System. Spinal cord injuries. General paralysis Severe damage to spinal cord Loss feeling from injury down Quadriplegia—lose control of both arms and legs. Spinal injuries cont…. Paraplegia Lose control of just the legs Repair Impossible naturally
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Spinal cord injuries • General paralysis • Severe damage to spinal cord • Loss feeling from injury down • Quadriplegia—lose control of both arms and legs
Spinal injuries cont… • Paraplegia • Lose control of just the legs • Repair • Impossible naturally • No cell division of neurons • Trying artificial division • Uses stem cells
The brain • About 35 billion neurons • About 3 pounds • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) • Brain floats in this • Makes brain light • Transports nutrients, neurotransmitters, and wastes • Lumbar puncture—useful in determining CNS disease • Replaced every 8 hours
The cerebrum • Largest part of the brain • Conscious Thought • Intelligence • Gray matter—superficial layer • White matter—deep layer • Contains axons • Gyri—grooves that increase the surface area • Left and Right Lobes • Control opposite sides of the body
Cerebrum cont… • Parietal Lobe • Primary motor cortex • Directs voluntary movements • Primary sensory cortex • Receives somatic sensory information • Ex: Touch, pressure, pain, temperature
Cerebrum cont… • Occipital Lobe • Visual cortex • All visual information
Cerebrum cont… • Frontal Lobe • Gustatory cortex • Taste sensations
Cerebrum cont… • Temporal Lobe • Auditory cortex—hearing • Olfactory cortex—smell