Género, número y artículos

1. Género, número y artículos Gender, number & articles

2. I. Género • In Spanish, all nouns carry gender, either masculine (M) or feminine (F). • In order to tell whether a noun is M or F look at the ending for a clue. • Except for some irregular exceptions, the ending will automatically distinguish the noun as M or F.

3. Masculino • Words that end in following letters or letter groups are generallymasculino (M). ** Be careful, I think many words do not follow this rule!

4. Femenina • Words that end in following letters or letter groups are generallyfemenina (F). **Be careful, remember -pa, -ta & -ma!

5. ** Remember, these are general guidelines. There are some exceptions that do not follow these patterns.

6. Are the following M or F? universidad F biblioteca F colegio M programa M Ejemplos

7. II. Número • Number refers to whether a noun is singular or plural. • You make a noun plural by adding an –s or –es to the end of the noun. • In some cases, other orthographic changes may be necessary.

8. To make nouns plural, do the following: • if the word ends in a vowel, simply add “-s” to make it plural Ex: alumno  alumnos

9. To make nouns plural, do the following: B. if the word ends in a consonant, add “-es” Ex: universidad  universidades

10. To make nouns plural, do the following: C. if the word ends in “–z”, the plural changes to “-ces” Ex: lápiz  lápices

11. To make nouns plural, do the following: D. if the word ends in “–ión”, add “-es” and remove the written accent mark Ex: nación  naciones

12. colegio colegios papel papeles actriz actrices reunión reuniones Examples

13. III. Artículos • There are 2 types of articles in Spanish & English • Definite articles • Indefinite articles

14. Artículos definidos • What is the function of a definite article? A definite article refers to something specific • What is a definite article in English? the

15. Ejemplo Ex: the specific boy rather than any boy. The boy with the red shirt on v. A boy with a red shirt (any boy in general)

16. Artículos definidos • What are they in Spanish? ** concordancia

17. Artículos indefinidos • What is the function of an indefinite article? An indefinite article refers to something in general • What is an indefinite article in English? a, an, some

18. Ejemplo Ex: any boy rather than a specific boy. A boy with a red shirt (any boy in general) v. The (specific) boy with the red shirt on

19. Artículos indefinidos • What are they in Spanish? ** concordancia

20. Concordancia concordancia = agreement ** The article that accompanies the noun must agree in gender AND number with that noun.

21. Artículos definidos libro el muchachas las nación la Artículos indefinidos libro un muchachas unas nación una Ejemplos

22. Adjetivos Like articles, adjectives have to agree in gender AND number with the noun they describe

23. Ejemplos

24. Número Adjectives follow the same rules as nouns when making them plural • if the word ends in a vowel, simply add “-s” to make it plural • if the word ends in a consonant, add “-es” • if the word ends in “–z”, the plural changes to “-ces” • if the word ends in “–ión”, add “-es” and remove the written accent mark **

25. ¿Preguntas?