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Chapter 8: Ionic Compounds

Chapter 8: Ionic Compounds. P.211-233. Section 8.1 Forming Chemical Bonds. P.211-214. Objectives. Define chemical bond Relate chemical bond formation to electron configuration Describe the formation of positive and negative ions. Key Terms. Chemical bond Cation Anion. Review.

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Chapter 8: Ionic Compounds

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  1. Chapter 8:Ionic Compounds P.211-233

  2. Section 8.1Forming Chemical Bonds P.211-214

  3. Objectives • Define chemical bond • Relate chemical bond formation to electron configuration • Describe the formation of positive and negative ions

  4. Key Terms • Chemical bond • Cation • Anion

  5. Review • Ionization energy refers to how easily an atom loses an electron. • Electronegativity refers to how much attraction an atom has for electrons. • The presence of eight valence electrons is chemically stable (an octet). • Elements tend to react to acquire that stable electron structure (of a noble gas).

  6. Forming Chemical Bonds • Chemical Bonds – The force that holds atoms together. • An ionic bond is only one type of chemical bond

  7. Ionic Compounds • The attraction between a positive ion and negative ion

  8. Positive Ions • Cations • Forms when an atom loses one or more valence electron(s) in order to attain a noble gas configuration. • Example: • Sodium: 1s22s22p63s1 • Loses 1 electron to form Na+ = 1s22s22p63s0 • Neon: 1s22s22p6 (the same as Na+)

  9. Positive ion question • What noble gas configuration will a positive Mg ion have? • What will the charge be on Mg?

  10. Positive ion question • Answers: • Neon • 2+

  11. Negative ion • Anion • Forms when an atom gains one or more valence electron(s) in order to attain a noble gas configuration. • Example: • Fluorine: 1s22s22p5 • Gains 1 electron to form F- = 1s22s22p6 • Neon: 1s22s22p6

  12. The D-Block • The transition metals in the d-block are less predictable than metals and nonmetals. • They tend to lose 2 or 3 electrons • 2+ or 3+ charge

  13. Homework • P.214 #1-5 • P.236 #47-50, 60-66

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