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INDIA

INDIA. S. IRUDAYA RAJAN. HIGHLIGHTS. EMIGRATION FROM AND REMITTANCES TO INDIA MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES: KERALA EXPERIENCE MACRO IMPACT. Emigration Estimates. High Level Committee on Indian Diaspora in 2001: 20 million (people of Indian origin and Non-Resident Indians): 16 million

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INDIA

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  1. INDIA S. IRUDAYA RAJAN

  2. HIGHLIGHTS • EMIGRATION FROM AND REMITTANCES TO INDIA • MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES: KERALA EXPERIENCE • MACRO IMPACT

  3. Emigration Estimates • High Level Committee on Indian Diaspora in 2001: 20 million (people of Indian origin and Non-Resident Indians): 16 million • Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA) in its first annual report, 2004-2005 states that Indian Diaspora is about 25 million. • MOIA in its latest annual report, 2012-13: 25 million in 183 countries.

  4. Estimates of Non-Resident Indians • High Level Committee, 2001 • Gulf: 3.3 million • Europe: 0.2 million • Asia and Pacific: 0.2 million • Africa: 0.08 million • Central and South America: 7307 • USA: 1.7 million; UK: 1.2 million; Canada: 0.9 million; South Africa 1.0 million (PIO+NRI)

  5. Estimated Indian Migrant Stock, 2010

  6. MOIA-RUIM-CDS Estimates • Based on our research in Kerala since 1998 • Our estimate: 12 million workers • 6 million in the Gulf • UAE No 1, followed by Saudi Arabia • What do other data sources tell us about Gulf Migration? • As per the latest MOIA annual report, 97% of the ECR passport holders left for Gulf.

  7. Trends in Workers Emigrated from India, 1985-2012

  8. Workers Granted Emigration Clearance by Major States, 1993-2012

  9. Labour outflows from India by destination 1988-2012

  10. Trends in Remittances : 1975-2012

  11. Remittance flows to India as Percentage of GDP 1990- 2012

  12. Kerala Migration Surveys Kerala Migration Survey 1998 Kerala Migration Survey, 2003 Kerala Migration Survey, 2007 Kerala Migration Survey, 2008 Kerala Migration Survey, 2011 www.cds.edu

  13. Emigrants, Return Emigrants and Non-Resident Keralites, 1998-2011

  14. Number of Emigrants by Districts in Kerala, 2011

  15. Population of Kerala and Emigration by Religion, 2011 ( in percent)

  16. Number of Kerala Emigrants in the Gulf Countries, 1998-2011

  17. Total Remittances for Kerala 1998-2013

  18. Total Remittances by Districts, 2011

  19. Macro-Economic Impact of Remittances, 1998 - 2011

  20. Percent of Households with Emigrant and possession of Very Good or Luxurious houses

  21. Annual Savings and Investment

  22. Monthly Food and Non Food expenses

  23. Annual Health and Education Expenses

  24. Direct Benefits of Migration Savings and Investment Human Development (education and health) Unemployment and Poverty Standard of Living Reduce Inequality

  25. Indirect effects of migration • Reductions in Fertility • Political participation (financing political parties and elections) • Philanthropy • Women empowerment • Knowledge and skills diffusion • Entrepreneurship and work culture

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