Industry and Mechanization of Agriculture

1. Industry and Mechanization of Agriculture The American Way of Life

2. Mechanization of Agriculture • Mechanized agriculture is the process of using agricultural machinery to mechanize the work of agriculture, massively increasing farm output and farm worker productivity. In modern times, powered machinery has replaced many jobs formerly carried out by men or animals such as oxen, horses and mules.

3. McCormick’s Reaper • Decreased the amount of labor to harvest crops • Decreased the number of farm workers to bring in crops • Decreased need for labor in rural areas led to people moving from rural to urban areas looking for employment

4. John Deere’s Steel Plow • Allowed westward expansion of productive farming endeavors (achievements) • The prairie soil would stick to the wooden plows used before, making it difficult and extremely time consuming to plow fields for crops. The prairie soil would not stick to the Deere’s steel plow , thereby easing the process of plowing so larger fields could be developed, increasing productivity, and opening prairies to further expansion.

5. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin • The cotton gin (interchangeable parts) increased cotton production so that cotton became America’s leading crop. • Slavery was spread • The cotton gin allowed more cotton to be cleaned for sale, more land could be used for cotton production, and slaves were need to grow and pick cotton.

6. Industry • The expansion of use of machines to produce goods, led to mass production of goods and growth of factories. • This is turn, led to the growth of cities (urbanization)

7. Examples that led to Urbanization • Industries such as the textile industry (cloth production) • American life was changed in many ways. People moved from rural to urban areas in search for jobs. Mass production of goods made things more affordable and accessible • The increase for job opportunities lured many immigrants to urban areas, making cities multicultural.