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Parshat Mishpatim: The Laws of Parshat Mishpatim- An Educational Progression

Parshat Mishpatim: The Laws of Parshat Mishpatim- An Educational Progression A PowerPoint Review, to be viewed with the corresponding shiur. Shiur by Menachem Leibtag Presentation by Tammy Weisz. Part I: When was “Na’aseh V’Nishma”. The Narrative

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Parshat Mishpatim: The Laws of Parshat Mishpatim- An Educational Progression

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  1. Parshat Mishpatim: The Laws of Parshat Mishpatim- An Educational Progression A PowerPoint Review, to be viewed with the corresponding shiur. Shiur by Menachem Leibtag Presentation by Tammy Weisz

  2. Part I: When was “Na’aseh V’Nishma” The Narrative 19:1-25 Preparation for Matan Torah 20:1-17 Ma’amad Har Sinai 20:18-23:33 Ko Tomar 20:18-22 First 3 Mitzvot 21:1-23:33 Mishpatim 24:1-2 Instructions for Later 24:3-8 Moshe conveys Divrei Hashem & mishpatim and performs brit ceremony [Na’aseh V’Nishma] 24:9-18 Moshe goes up to Har Sinai

  3. Rashi: “Ein Mukdam U’Meuchar” Rashi presents a different order of events! Dibrot present many difficulties: • Who are the Kohanim who stand closer than others at Har Sinai? • Why must bnei Yisrael repeat their statement of Na’aseh so many times? • Who are the ‘heym’ who are allowed to ascend Har Sinai once the shofar sounds a long blast? • Rashi interpretation of the order of events answer many questions!

  4. Rashi’s Approach 19:1-25 Preparation for Matan Torah 20:1-17 Ma’amad Har Sinai 20:18-23:33 Ko Tomar 20:18-22 First 3 Mitzvot 21:1-23:33 Mishpatim 24:1-2 Instructions for Later 24:3-8 Moshe conveys Divrei Hashem & mishpatim and performs brit ceremony [Na’aseh V’Nishma] 24:9-18 Moshe goes up to Har Sinai Perhaps, the story is divided up to contrast the Yirah/Ahava aspects of Ma’amad Har Sinai.

  5. Part II: “Ko Tomar” Structure of the 1st group of mitzvot Bnei Yisrael receive: 20:18-22 Bein Adam La’Makom 21:1-23:9 Bein Adam L’Chaveiro 21:2-22:16Case-type Law: Enforced by Beit Din 22:17-19Imperative-type law: Enforced by Beit Din 22:20-23:9Imperative-type law: Beyond Beit Din

  6. “Ko Tomar” 20:18-22 Bein Adam La’Makom 21:1-23:9 Bein Adam L’Chaveiro 21:2-22:16Case-type Law: Enforced by Beit Din 22:17-19Imperative-type law: Enforced by Beit Din 22:20“You shall not wrong a stranger…” 22:20-23:9Imperative-type law: Beyond Beit Din 23:1-9Particularly High Standard of Ethics 23:9“You shall not oppress a stranger…” 23:10-19Bein Adam La’Makom (and chavero) Fear of Man Fear of God Love of Man Love of God

  7. An Educational Progression • The Fear of Man • Case-type laws enforced by Beit Din • The Fear of God • Imperative-type laws, punishable by God • Love for One’s Fellow Man • Imperative-type civil laws, ethical behavior • The Love of God • Laws creating a special relationship with God One Last Promise: (23:20-23) If we obey all these rules, then God will assist them in the conquest of the Land.

  8. Nishma V’Na’aseh • If Sefer Ha’Brit includes 20:18-23:33, then God’s promise (to help conquer the land) forms the basic statement of this covenant. • Perhaps Na’aseh V’Nishma is in response to this covenant:

  9. Part III: The “Toldadot” of the “Dibrot”

  10. Chiastic Structure: Yitro/Mishpatim 19:1-20:18Brit and Dibrot at Har Sinai 20:19-23Bein Adam La’Makom- I.-III. 21:1-6Eved Ivri- IV. 21:1-23:9Bein Adam L’chaveiro- V.-X. 23:10-19Shmitah, Shabbat, Regalim- IV. 23:20-25Bein Adam La’Makom- III.-I. 24:1-18Brit of “Na’aseh V’Nishma” at Har Sinai and Moshe’s ascent to receive the luchot with the Dibrot Theme: Ma’amad Har Sinai

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