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Roman Philosophy

Roman Philosophy. Stoicism Epicureanism. Stoicism. Zeno – Greek Source of happiness is wisdom Only man has morals Apathy – Emotion and passion destroy reason. Epicureanism. Epicurus – Greek No afterlife Maximize pleasure & minimize pain Materialists. Roman Republic.

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Roman Philosophy

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  1. Roman Philosophy Stoicism Epicureanism

  2. Stoicism • Zeno – Greek • Source of happiness is wisdom • Only man has morals • Apathy – Emotion and passion destroy reason

  3. Epicureanism • Epicurus – Greek • No afterlife • Maximize pleasure & minimize pain • Materialists

  4. Roman Republic

  5. Roman Republic • Internally – Republic • a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them • Externally – Empire

  6. Empire Building: Italian Peninsula • By 268 BC, Rome controlled most of Italy

  7. Empire Building: Punic Wars • Carthage versus Rome • Both wanted the western Mediterranean & Sicily • Generals • Hannibal for Carthage • Scipio for Rome • Rome Won • Kept Spain & North Africa • Literally destroyed Carthage

  8. Empire Building: Macedonian & Seleucid Wars • During & after Punic Wars • Gained control of Greece and Syria • Total control of the Mediterranean

  9. Empire Building: Asia • Anatolian king willed his empire to Rome

  10. What allowed them to conquer so much territory? • Military • Disciplined & well trained • Each province contributed soldiers • Roads • Slavery • People from conquered provinces • Free labor source helped expansion

  11. Why didn’t conquered peoples rebel? • Effective governance • Protection/Peace • Citizenship • Romanization • Roman culture • Latin language • Roman laws • Trade benefits • Standardized money • Safe trade • Cities • Roads • Aqueducts

  12. Roman GovernmentThe Republic

  13. Senate In charge of: • Treasury • Foreign relations • Enforced laws • Declared war

  14. Patricians Aristocrats Large landowners Held political and religious power Government officials Priests Forbidden to marry outside their class Plebian Lower social class Land owning men Had to be a citizen of Rome Patricians and Plebeians

  15. Tribune • Elected from the Plebeians • Had the power to veto any law • Defended assembly against Patricians

  16. Consuls • From the Patricians • Made all legislation • Shared rule by electing two Consuls at a time • Civil decisions • Military power • One consul could veto the other

  17. Dictator • Appointed in times of crisis • A single leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army • Temporary – 6 months

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