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1.5 Formation of the Earth

1.5 Formation of the Earth. Big bang theory- 13.7 billion years ago, all matter in universe began to expand from a single point, continues to expand today Nebular theory Solar system formed form nebula that started to spin because of nearby supernova

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1.5 Formation of the Earth

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  1. 1.5 Formation of the Earth • Big bang theory- 13.7 billion years ago, all matter in universe began to expand from a single point, continues to expand today • Nebular theory • Solar system formed form nebula that started to spin because of nearby supernova • Sun formed from condensing gases at center of spinning nebula • Masses of gas orbiting the sun condensed and became planets

  2. Anatomy of earth • Inner core- mostly iron nickel, temp. 4000-5500 Celcius, remains solid because of high pressure • Outer core- iron, nickel, temp. 3200 C, fluid and rotates faster than mantle • Mantle- less dense, cooler, 70% earth’s volume, Mg-Fe silicates (rocky), temp. 1100-3200 C, solid but ductile

  3. Crust- outer layer • Asthenosphere- mechanically weak, deforming layer of upper mantle • Lithosphere-includes crust and upper mantle, hard and rigid outer layer

  4. Crust • Continental-low density, 40 km thick, granite type rock (Na, K, Al, Si) • Oceanic-more dense, 7 km thick, basalt type rock (Fe, Mg, Ca)

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