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Ch. 47—Animal Development

Ch. 47—Animal Development. Fertilization. Fertilization. Fertilization. Fertilization. Once fertilization is complete. Animal Development. Cleavage —rapid mitotic cell division into smaller cells— blastomeres Solid ball of cells— morula

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Ch. 47—Animal Development

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  1. Ch. 47—Animal Development

  2. Fertilization

  3. Fertilization

  4. Fertilization

  5. Fertilization

  6. Once fertilization is complete

  7. Animal Development • Cleavage—rapid mitotic cell division into smaller cells—blastomeres • Solid ball of cells—morula • Blastula produced when a cavity called blastocoel forms • Gastrulation—rearrangement of cells into 3 germ layers blastomeres Morula (solid ball of cells)

  8. Blastocyst • Blastula stage of mammalian embryos • Trophoblast layer enclosing the blastocoel • Chorion (outer embryonic layer)

  9. Blastocyst develops into gastrula

  10. Gastrulation • Cells rearrange and fold inward at the blastopore to form a gastrula with three-germ layers: • Ectoderm (skin, nails, teeth) • Mesoderm (skeletal, muscular, excretory, circulatory, reproductive systems; blood, bone, and muscle) • Endoderm (epithelial lining of digestive, respiratory, excretory tracts; liver, pancreas)

  11. Organogenesis • Development of 3 germ layers into the beginnings of organs • Notochord—stiff dorsal skeletal rod (from mesoderm) • Neural plate—will become brain and spinal cord (from ectoderm) • Somites—blocks of mesoderm arranged along notochord; sign of segmentation

  12. Amniotes • Amnion—fluid filled cavity; protects embryo • Allantois—disposal sac • Chorion—exchange gases • Yolk sac—provides nutrients

  13. Eutherian mammals

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