Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements

1. Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements 3.1 Elements and Symbols

2. Elements Elementsare • pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary laboratory processes • the building blocks of matter gold carbon aluminum

3. Sources of Some Element Names Some elements are named for planets, mythological figures, minerals, colors, scientists, and places.

4. Symbols of Elements Asymbol • represents the name of an element • consists of 1 or 2 letters • starts with a capital letter Examples: 1-Letter Symbols 2-Letter Symbols C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Al aluminum O oxygen Mg magnesium

5. Symbols from Latin Names Some symbols are derived from Latin names, as shown below. Cu, copper (cuprum) Au, gold (aurum) Fe, iron (ferrum) Ag, silver (argentum)

6. Physical Properties of Elements The physical properties of an element • are observed or measured without changing its identity • include the following: shape color odor taste density melting point boiling point

7. Physical Properties of Elements Some physical properties of copper are: Color Red-orange Luster Very shiny Melting point 1083 °C Boiling point 2567 °C Conduction of electricity Excellent Conduction of heat Excellent

8. Learning Check Select the correct symbol for each of the following: A. Calcium 1) C 2) Ca 3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S 2) Sl 3) Su C. Iron 1) Ir 2) FE 3) Fe

9. Solution Select the correct symbol for each of the following: A. Calcium 2) Ca B. Sulfur 1) S C. Iron 3) Fe

10. Learning Check Select the correct name for each symbol. A. N 1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium 2) phlogiston 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver 2) agean 3) gold

11. Solution Select the correct name for each symbol. A. N 2) nitrogen B. P 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver