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Nationalism & Sectionalism

Explore the concepts of Nationalism and Sectionalism in the United States during the early 19th century. Learn about key figures like Henry Clay, the American System, the Era of Good Feelings, landmark Supreme Court cases, transportation developments, sectional tensions, the Missouri Compromise, and foreign affairs. Understand how these factors shaped the nation's unity and boundaries.

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Nationalism & Sectionalism

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  1. Nationalism & Sectionalism Section 11-3 p.379

  2. “Every nation should anxiously endeavor to establish its absolute independence, and consequently be able to feed and clothe and defend itself. If it rely upon a foreign supply that may be cut off…..it cannot be independent.” • Henry Clay – strong nationalist from Kentucky

  3. Nationalism Unites the Country • The American System • Plan introduced in 1815 to make America economically self-sufficient. • 3 main actions 1.) make protective tariff- tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition 2.) Establish a Nat’l bank : single currency 3.) Improve Transportation systems

  4. Era of Good Feelings • Loyalty shifted state govt’s Fed gov’t • Opposition to Pres. Monroe disappeared • Landmark S.Court Cases: Promoted National Unity • McCulloch v. Maryland • State could not tax a nat’l bank • Gibbons v. Ogden • Interstate commerce only regulated by federal gov’t

  5. Transportation Links Cities • The National Road • 1806: Cumberland, MD  Wheeling, WV • 1841:  Vandalia, IL • Erie Canal • Waterway that connected NYC  Buffalo, NY • Trade here helped NYC  largest U.S. city • Railroads • Led to decline in canal use

  6. Sectional Tensions IncreaseSectional Interests • Sectionalism- Loyalty to the interests of one’s own region or section of the country. • South • Plantations, Slavery • North East • Manufacturing, trade • West • Settlers, cheap land

  7. Missouri Compromise • Laws enacted in 1820 to maintain balance of power between slave/free states. 1.) Missouri = Slave Maine = Free 2.) Slavery was banned north of Missouri’s southern border -Mason-Dixon Line Maryland/Penn. Border = division between slave/free North/South

  8. National Boundaries & Foreign AffairsSettling Boundary Issues • Agreements that improved U.S/Britain relations • 1.) Rush-Bagot Agreement- • Limited each side’s naval forces on Great Lakes • 2.) Convention of 1818- • Set 49th parallel as U.S. Canadian border • Tense U.S. Spain Relations • Disagreements: • Louisiana Purchase boundaries • West Florida ownership

  9. U.S policy opposing European interference in the W. Hemisphere. U.S. stay out of European affairs Closed to more European colonization Monroe Doctrine

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