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7.2 DNA REPLICATION

7.2 DNA REPLICATION. Key Concepts. Vocabulary. Replication Template. What are the steps in DNA replication? Why does DNA need to be replicated?. DNA Replication . Replication – the process of copying a DNA molecule.

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7.2 DNA REPLICATION

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  1. 7.2 DNA REPLICATION Key Concepts Vocabulary Replication Template • What are the steps in DNA replication? • Why does DNA need to be replicated?

  2. DNA Replication • Replication – the process of copying a DNA molecule. • It replicates so the genetic info can be passed on to the next generation. • DNA replicates before cells divide (during interphase)

  3. The 2 strands are COMPLEMENTARY A pairs with T C pairs with G Quick Review… • DNA is made up of 2 strands of nucleotides. • The strands are held together by HYDROGEN BONDS

  4. HOW IT WORKS • During replication EACH strand is used as a pattern (template) to make 2 new DNA molecules AND Original DNA Original LEFT with new right strand Original RIGHT with new left strand

  5. Unpaired bases DNA polymerase (enzyme) Steps in DNA Replication • Double helix shape unwinds. • An ENZYME “unzips” the DNA molecule, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the strands

  6. Original DNA • Free nucleotides in the nucleus pair up with the nucleotides on the DNA strands forming new hydrogen bonds. DNA unzips Free nucleotides pair up with the original LEFT strand Free nucleotides pair up with the original RIGHT strand

  7. The DNA winds back up into a double helix. • The final products of DNA replication are two strands of DNA each having half new material and half old material.

  8. DNA copied 2 new identical cells Why Replicate? • So genetic information can be passed onto new cells during cell division.

  9. Accuracy • Replication is also very accurate – only ONE IN A BILLION base pairs are incorrectly paired. • When mistakes are made, the DNA molecule can correct itself so the genetic code remains the same.

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