1 / 21

RONG LIU

OVERVIEW: Linux and Unix. (Operating System Comparison). RONG LIU. Introduction(1). What is Linux?. The free UNIX written from scratch by Linus Torvalds, assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers from across the internet.

georgeknight
Download Presentation

RONG LIU

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. OVERVIEW: Linux and Unix (Operating System Comparison) RONG LIU

  2. Introduction(1) What is Linux? • The free UNIX written from scratch by Linus Torvalds, assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers from across the internet. • A modern, fully fledged UNIX: true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared, copy-on-write executables, proper memory management, and TCP/IP networking.

  3. Introduction(2) History of Unix • In April, 1969, Ken Thompson, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie sketched out an operating system that would meet Bell Labs' needs, soon become Unix. • In 1973, UNIX, was rewritten in C as Version 4 by Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan. • Two major hot-beds of Unix development were at the University of California, Berkeley, which later became BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution), and M.I.T., which eventually gave us the Free Software Foundation and the GNU project, and the X Window System.

  4. Introduction(2) (Cont...) History of Unix • Unix today has two major versions: System V (or SVR4 from Unix System) and BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution). • UNIX (upper case) is a trademark of The Open Group. • Unix refers to Unix versions in general, regardless of the source; usually it is simply referred to as SVR4 or BSD 4.4.

  5. Linux operating system overview • Memory Management: • Page Allocation • The Linux Page Cache • The Swap Cache • Processes • The Linux Networking • Linux PCI Initialization

  6. Processes • Processes have following states: • Running • Waiting • Stopped • Zombie

  7. The Linux Networking • Linux supports the following socket address families or domains: • UNIX -- Unix domain sockets. • INET -- communications via TCP/IP. • AX25 -- Amateur radio X25. • IPX -- Novell IPX • AppleTalk -- AppleTalk DDP • X25 -- X25

  8. Linux PCI Initialization • PCI Device Driver • A. builds a linked list of data structures describing the topology of the system. • B. numbers all of the bridges that it finds. • PCI BIOS • provides the services described in bib-pci-bios-specification. • PCI Fixup • tidies up the system specific loose ends of PCI initialization.

  9. Unix operating system overview • OS Structure • File System • Directories Structure • Common Control Keys • Unix Shells

  10. Unix OS Structure Shell Editors, Private User programs Kernel Compiler Components Hardware Compiler

  11. Unix file system

  12. Unix Directories Structure 1). Every directory and file is listed in its parent directory. 2). Each file assigned inode number, an inode is a special file designed to be read by the kernel to learn the information about each file. 3). The system does not require any particular structure for the data in the file itself. i.e. It can be ASCII, binary or a combination. 4). There's no header, trailer, label information or EOF character as part of the file.

  13. Unix Common Control Keys -C:Standard interrupt key; -U: The key deletes the entire line; -H: Use to erase the characters; -W: Deletes the word you are entering; -R: Moves cursor to next line; -D: Logs out from shell prompt; -S: Stops terminal accepting input; -Q: Starts terminal accepting input. CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL

  14. Unix Shells • The shell sits between you and the operating system, acting as a command interpreter. The common shells as follow: • 1). Bourne shell, sh($) was the original shell. • 2). C shell prompt is %. • 3). Korn shell, ksh has nearly all the features of Bourne Shell, maximixes execution speed of scripts.

  15. Linux compares with Unix Similarity of Linux and Unix The File systemsShared Virtual Memory Inter-Process Communication Identifiers Executing Programs EXT2 File System

  16. Compare Linux2.2 with Solaris7.0(1) OS convenience Linux 2.2 Solaris 7.0 Bugfixes and other updates Freely download able, and available on CD. Both a stable and a bleeding-edge version is available. Some (all???) minor updates/bugfixes can be downloaded freely.Subscription customers get's major upgrades on CD. Run a GUI app on one machineDiaplay it on another . yes yes Virus no no

  17. Compare Linux2.2 with Solaris7.0(2) OS Linux 2.2 Solaris 7.0 Single Unix Specification v.1(UNIX95) yes no Single Unix Specification v.2(UNIX98) yes no Address space no no Multiple CPU's SMP up to 16 CPU's, much improved performance in comparison to 2.0.*, clustering SMP on both Sparc and Intel 64 CPU's onsparc 2 GB (ext2) 1 TB (on UltraSparc) Max. file size Max. file system size 16 TB (ext2) 1 TB (on UltraSparc) Designed from scratch to be Posix and now Unix98 compliant.Has some backwards OS Flavor SysV R4

  18. Compare Linux2.2 with Solaris7.0(3) OS(Con.) Linux 2.2 Solaris 7.0 Memory protection Yes Yes A posix.1 certified Linux 2.0.* kernel is available from Unifix.The main kernel is designed to be posix complient, but haven't been certified. POSIX.1 certification Yes Threads posix 1003.1c posix 1003.1c XPG4 base 95 no Yes

  19. Compare Linux2.2 with Solaris7.0(4) Provider Linux 2.2 Solaris 7.0 Sun Microsystems Inc.901 San Antonio RoadPalo AltoCA 94303 USA Developed, programmed and maintained by a big group of people from all over the world. Manufactor pay-ware or 2 year subscriptions free Pricing

  20. Compare Linux2.2 with Solaris7.0(5) Hardware Linux 2.2 Solaris 7.0 All current Sparc peripherals, some PC peripherals. Peripherals Most PC hardware. PC >= 386, Digital Alpha, Sparc, UltraSparc, PPC, StrongARMMore are in development Platforms Sparc and PC >= 386

  21. Reference: 1)."Linux at work ( building Strategic Applications for Business)" by Marcus Concalves. 2). "Peter Norton's Complete Guide to Linux" by Peter Norton and Arthur Grifficth. 3). “UNIX System V(Practical Guide) “by Mark G. Sobell. 4). “Operating Systems” by William Stallings. 5). Web page at http://www.cs.utexas.edu. 6). Web page at http://www.idealcorp.com. 7). Web page at http://www.Linuxrx.org.

More Related