1 / 55

Structural Adaptations

Structural Adaptations. 2. 4. What is the primary organ for photosynthesis for a plant?. Leaf, chlorophyll captures sunlight in chloroplasts to make food. What about it makes it well adapted for this job?. some are broad to capture a lot of light, or are small and last all winter long.

georgewood
Download Presentation

Structural Adaptations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Structural Adaptations

  2. 2

  3. 4 What is the primary organ for photosynthesis for a plant? Leaf, chlorophyll captures sunlight in chloroplasts to make food. • What about it makes it well adapted for this job? some are broad to capture a lot of light, or are small and last all winter long

  4. What is the purpose of the stem?

  5. 5 • Label the parts of a leaf below. Why are most of the chloroplasts at the top of the cuticle epidermis Vascular bundle Palisade layer Spongy layer chloroplast Guard cell and stomata

  6. Loosing leaves helps tree maintain water balance

  7. 6 • Think about some examples of plants that do not have broad leaves—needles on pine trees, spines on a cactus, etc. Why are these different? • To prevent water loss (smaller leaves lose less water), lose even less if there is no leaf

  8. Osmosis

  9. 14 • What process would a single celled organism use to move gas across it’s membrane? • Diffusion

  10. 15. • Plants have specialized holes at the bottom of their leaves. What is the purpose for these structures? Why are they on the bottom of the leaves? • Exchange of Carbon dioxide and oxygen. They are on the bottom of the leaf to prevent water loss.

  11. Respiration means the exchanging of gasses. What two gasses are being exchanged? Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen 11

  12. Gas exchange in water

  13. 13. • What structure allows animals to accomplish respiration on the land? • Lungs

  14. 13 • If an animal does not have gill or lungs, how will gasses be exchanged? What could help those on land perform this? • Moist skin

  15. Xylem-Water moves up from roots to leave to help with photosynthesis • Phloem-sugars move down from where they are made (leaves) to the rest of the plant.

  16. What human tissue are similar to xylem and phloem?

  17. 17 • Moss doesn’t have xylem or phloem. Why can’t moss get tall? • Materials can move to all parts of the body, do not have to be small organisms anymore.

  18. 17 • Moving materials around an organism is transportation. What process would move things if there is no specific system? • diffusion

  19. What is the purpose of the stem?

  20. 19 • How would a large tree get water to its leaves? What is it having to deal with? • Moves up xylem; gravity; water moves in a continuous flow with each molecule attached to the next; process of transpiration releases water from the leaves (stomata) and that pulls water up the xylem from roots

  21. What is a nonvascular plant? • No vascular tissue • Can not store or transport water • Short

  22. 20 • 20. What are the types of tubes that vertebrates use to transport materials? What is the difference in the direction they flow, and what they carry? What is the advantage of having differences? • Vascular tissue—arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry blood with oxygen away from heart; veins-carry blood with carbon dioxide back to heart; capillaries are thin so that materials can diffuse to and from the cells

  23. Arteries carry blood away from the hear • Veins carry blood to the heart. • Capillaries are tiny vessels that between veins and arteries that feed oxygen to the body.

  24. In closed circulatory system, blood can be diverted directly to organs. In open circulatory system, blood baths organs.

  25. 22 . What is the advantage of closed circulatory system over an open circulatory system? • Closed-blood never leaves the tubes; blood is directed in a specific way; open- blood bathes organs and has to drain back into the tubes.

  26. Heart chambers: Fish 2, Amphibians 3 Reptiles 3 ½ Bird 4 Mammals 4 Increased efficiency of blood flow, the more gravity, the harder the heart has to pump.

  27. All heterotrophic protists and bacteria and some animals digest at the cellular level. What process will they have to use to move food in and wastes out of their cells? 8 DIFFUSION ENDOCYTOSIS

  28. 9 The members of Phylum Chordata all have similar digestive systems. Trace the path of food below. • Mouth A, esophagus, stomach B, small intestines D, Large intestines F, anus E

  29. 9 • Where does digestion (breaking down of food) take place? Mouth, stomach, sm intestines • Where does absorption of needed molecules take place? Sm intestines, lg intestines • What organs help make enzymes that break down food? liver, pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands

  30. Animals get rid of cellular wastes either at a cellular level or with kidneys or nephridia. What is the advantage of having an organ that cleans wastes? • It is dividing up the work and saving energy

  31. 10 • Small intestines are long, with lots of finger-like extensions called villi inside. What is the reason for this adaptation? • Increases surface area to absorb more food

  32. 7 Decomposer • absorb-chemicals break down the food outside of the body and then nutrients are absorbed(fungi and bacterial decomposers

  33. 26 • . Why is it easier to move in water than on land? What major factor must be dealt with on land? • Water supports most of your mass (buoyancy) • gravity

  34. 29 • . Insects have an exoskeleton and vertebrates have an endoskeleton. What is the difference and what is the adaptive advantage of each? • Exo-external, hard protection; Endo-internal, some protection, but does grow with you

  35. Eyespot

More Related