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半導體專題實驗

半導體專題實驗. 實驗六 太陽能電池. Humanity’s Top Ten Problems for Next 50 years. ENERGY WATER FOOD ENVIRONMENT POVERTY TERRORISM & WAR DISEASE EDUCATION DEMOCRACY POPULATION. Source: Richard Smalley, Rice University. Prediction of Energy Demand from 2000 to 2100. (EJ/a ： 10 18 Joul/year).

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半導體專題實驗

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  1. 半導體專題實驗 實驗六 太陽能電池

  2. Humanity’s Top Ten Problems for Next 50 years • ENERGY • WATER • FOOD • ENVIRONMENT • POVERTY • TERRORISM & WAR • DISEASE • EDUCATION • DEMOCRACY • POPULATION Source: Richard Smalley, Rice University

  3. Prediction of Energy Demand from 2000 to 2100 (EJ/a：1018Joul/year) Source： German Advisory Council on Global Change, 2003

  4. AM0 AM0 AM1.5( ~45o ) AM1 地球 大氣層 Spectral Irradiance(Wm-2m-1) AM1.5 Wavelength (m) 何謂AM0、AM1、AM1.5？ • AM 即 Air Mass，定義為穿過幾個大氣層厚度之太陽光 (Air Mass ~ sec ，不同 Air Mass 亦代表不同的太陽光光譜) • AM0 (於外太空，不穿過的大氣層) ~ 1,400 W/m2 • AM1 (sec = 1   ~0o) ~ 1,000 W/m2 • AM1.5 (sec =1.5  ~45o) ~ 844 W/m2 • AM1.5 1,000 W/m2 (IEC 891、 IEC 904-1 非自然光源)

  5. Solar Spectral IrradianceASTM G173-03 Reference Spectra Derived from SMARTS v. 2.9.2 (垂直分量)

  6. 不同太陽電池材料對應太陽光譜波長圖

  7. P-n junction

  8. P-n junction

  9. 電流源 Isc Pmp Imp 電壓源 Vmp Voc 太陽電池之 I-V 特性 Voc：開路電壓(V) Isc：短路電流(A) Pmp：最大輸出功率(W) Vmp：最大輸出功率時之電壓(V) Imp：最大輸出功率時之電流(A) Fill Factor (F.F.) = (Vmp Imp / Voc  Isc)  100% 太陽電池效率 (Efficiency) = (Pmp / 輸入日照功率)  100% *輸入日照功率(W) = 太陽電池面積(m2) 日照強度(W/m2) *日照強度為 1,000 W/ m2 之最大輸出功率即為 Wp *太陽電池開路、短路時皆不會燒毀 輸出功率

  10. Industrial cell Inverted pyramid textured surface substantially reduces reflection losses and increases absorption probability in the device. ARC：antireflection coating

  11. 7 6 1,000W/m2 5 750W/m2 4 Current (A) 3 500W/m2 2 250W/m2 1 0 0.5 0.6 0.2 0 0.1 0.3 0.4 Voltage (V) 不同日照量下太陽電池 I-V 特性曲線 • 晶矽太陽電池： Voc~0.6V • Vmp~0.5V • Isc = - IL  入射光強度 • Voc = aVT ln(IL/ I0 + 1) ln (入射光強度) ，與材料特性有關 • Voc不隨日照量劇烈變化為太陽電池容易使用之重要原因

  12. 不同溫度下太陽電池 I-V 特性曲線 75oC 50oC 25oC 0oC 7 6 1,000W/m2 5 4 Current (A) 3 2 1 0 0.5 0.6 0.2 0 0.1 0.3 0.4 Voltage (V) • 太陽電池溫度升高時輸出電壓與最大輸出功率將降低! • 此特性與太陽電池材料特性有關，是太陽電池應用上最大問題!

  13. 300 K Absorption

  14. Analytic model

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