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Enhancement of tensile strength and biodegradation resistance of jute

Enhancement of tensile strength and biodegradation resistance of jute. Debasis Roy, Prosenjit Saha, Suvendu Manna. Materials Science Centre IIT Kharagpur. Reagent preparation. Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin Vegetable oil emulsion Alkaline surfactant. Treatment. Geotextiles manufacture.

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Enhancement of tensile strength and biodegradation resistance of jute

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  1. Enhancement of tensile strength and biodegradation resistance of jute Debasis Roy, Prosenjit Saha, Suvendu Manna Materials Science Centre IIT Kharagpur

  2. Reagent preparation • Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin • Vegetable oil emulsion • Alkaline surfactant

  3. Treatment

  4. Geotextiles manufacture

  5. Treated geotextiles

  6. Geotextiles specifications

  7. Mechanical properties: Geotextiles

  8. Short and long term water absorption of geotextiles

  9. Durability: Geotextiles • Soil burial (IS: 1623, 1992): • Soil burial test: 31° C, 90 % rel. hum., soil : fiber :: 100 : 1 (w:w), soil water cont. 30% • Regular changes of soil compost to supply fresh nutrient • Saline exposure: • Periodic exposure to 30 ppt NaCl saline solution • Physical weathering, AAW (ASTM D-4355:07): • 500 h exposure to UV light and cyclic water spray • pH exposure: • Dipping of samples to the solution with pH ranges from 3 to 10 for prolonged days

  10. Durability: Geotex…

  11. Durability in pH exposure: Geotex…

  12. Effect of biodegradation in soil burial

  13. Effect of physical weathering

  14. Service life estimation: From AAW • From AAW results the service lives for geotextiles were estimated • Data from AAW were fitted with the equation • Y= Axexp(bt), where Y is the narrow strip tensile strength at time t, A, b are constant. • Half life was estimated by calculating time of exposure to reach the 50% strength of initial strength by best-fit relationship (Koerner et al., 2005) • Total AAW UV irradiation was scaled with total yearly UV irradiation in Kolkata (Wypych, 2003)

  15. Service life estimation: From biodegradation… • Laboratory based compost environment is more severe than typical outdoor environment • Untreated geotextile degrades within 90 days in laboratory while in outer environment it lasts for 18-21 months • Laboratory results were scaled up with factor of 8 with outer environmental results • Hence laboratory based half life was scaled up by 8 times to simulate environmental half life

  16. Life expectancy of geotextiles

  17. Industrial trial

  18. Field trials

  19. Field trials

  20. Field trials

  21. Summary and Conclusions • A non-hazardous, non-expensive chemical treatment process has been developed for enhancing hydrophobicity, tensile strength and resistance to biological, chemical and physical degradation of jute • An alkaline solvent free emulsion of neem oil and mostly plant based phenolic resin were used for fiber treatment • Vegetable oil was found to transesterify the cellulose chain of jute

  22. Summary and Conclusions… • After degradation study long term tensile strength retention for treated fabrics was found remarkably higher than that of untreated fabric • Developed treatment process was applied to manufacture industrial textile such as jute geotextile within an industrial set up of a jute mill • The feasibility of proposed treatment process was found satisfactory • The process was found to enhance service life of treated geotextiles upto 3-4 times compared to untreated geotextiles without compromising strength, porometry and flexibility of the textiles

  23. THANK YOU

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