Lecture 25+ 26

1. Revolt of 1916 y. February bourgeois democratic revolution of 1917 y. in Russia and it’s influence on Kazakhstan. Lecture 25+26

2. Brief contents: 1. Revolt of 1916 y.: reasons and occasion. 2. February revolution of 197 y.: arrangement of political positions.

3. 1. Revolt of 1916 y.: reasons and occasion. Participation of Russia in war promoted amplification of national- colonial oppression in Kazakhstan and has caused an aggravation of all set of national and social contradictions. A policy of mass migration movement to Kazakhstan and the withdrawal of the lands connected to it, and also an arbitrariness of local authorities have resulted in the national- liberation movements of the 1916 which has involved Kazakhstan and all Central Asia.

4. Occasion to revolt of 1916 The Law from June, 25, 1916 “about mobilization of indigenous population “for works on creation of defensive structures in areas of a field army and rear works”. Mobilization was subjected men from in the age from 19 till 43 years. In total from Kazakhstan and Central Asia should be recruited more than 400 thousand person.

5. Indigenous population is Kazakhs, Kyrgyz’s, Uzbeks, Tadjiks, Turkmens, Dungans, Uigurs. From mobilization were excused those who consist on public service, occupying managing posts in local administration, representatives of the clergy, learning the supreme and average educational institutions, noblemen, honorable citizens.

7. Revolt has captured all steepe. One of the revolt centers became Semirechie oblast. Despite of heroic resistance, revolt was suppressed in October, 1916. Mass arrests were made, court- martials operated. Chastisers killed not only with insurgents, but also with peace population, tens of auls were destroyed. More than 300 thousand Kazakhs and Kyrgyzs moved to China.

8. Persistent and organized revolt was in Turgaioblast.One of heads of revolt in this region was Alibi Dzhangil’din. In groups of insurgents was severe discipline, decimal order of their construction was entered. War was got guerrilla character; great bulk of insurgents has concentrated in 150 km from Turgai in Batpakkara where council on management of military actions was created, to management of controllable areas. Revolt proceeded till 1917 and has merged with events of February revolution. Revolt of 1916 is a component of liberation movement of Kazakh people, its national-liberation struggle.

9. 2. February revolution of 197 y.: arrangement of political positions. On February, 27th, 1917 in Russia there was a bourgeois-democratic revolution, tsar has been discharged of authority. In Kazakhstan have passed meetings and assemblies in support of revolution. Revolution has revived hopes for the decision of the main questions - returning of all withdrawn by colonization, the independent national device. Process of discharge from authority of officials of colonial administration has begun.

10. 27 February of 1917 y. DOUBLEPOWER

12. In March, 1917 the vigorous activity in edge was developed by social democrats bolsheviks, whose organizations operated practically in all areas and districts. The second real authority in Kazakhstan became advice, as bodies of people's power. In March-April, 1917 in edge it has been created more than 25 Counsilof working, country, soldier's deputies. The supervising role in the majority of Council was played by social democrats men’sheviks and essers.

14. The decision of the vital issues ● agrarian ● national ● state construction

15. The provisional government undertook shy steps of settlement of a situation in Kazakhstan. On March, 20th, 1917 by the special decree it has been declared a cancelling of any restrictions in the rights of citizens of Russia caused by an accessory to creed, a nationality. Amnesty to participants of revolt of 1916 has been declared; the decision on rendering assistance to population Semirechie of area, the victim during this revolt is accepted.

16. The provisional government continued participation in World war, the decision of an agrarian question was postponed before convocation of the Constituent assembly, even has not been declared about the right of the nations to self-determination. Practice of national discrimination, former great-power policy proceeded, were kept migration managements. Continuation of policy of autocracy the Provisional government created preconditions of a deepening of revolutionary process.

17. There was a political polarization of the Kazakh society; it was made active with homecoming about 150 thousand participants of rear works and front-line soldiers. • To autumn of 1917 in Kazakhstan there was a shift of political moods of weights to the left.

18. Strikes and strikes of workers were combined with performances of city poor, supported by soldiers. Mass character was got with agrarian performances. There were months(9) , and the Provisional government did not undertake factual measures on satisfaction of needs of workers, its authorities lost under themselves ground, besides, the Provisional government has followed a way of suppression of performances of workers force.

19. Thank you!