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Principles of Computers 14 th Lecture

This lecture explores examples of CPU architectures, including Apple I (1976), Apple II (1977), Atari 800 (1979), and IBM PC (1981), as well as the principles behind logical and physical addressing.

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Principles of Computers 14 th Lecture

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  1. Principles of Computers14thLecture Pavel Ježek, Ph.D.pavel.jezek@d3s.mff.cuni.cz

  2. Examples of CPU Architectures Apple I (1976) Apple II (1977) Atari 800 (1979)

  3. Examples of CPU Architectures Apple I (1976) Apple II (1977) Atari 800 (1979)

  4. Examples of CPU Architectures Apple I (1976) Apple II (1977) Atari 800 (1979) IBM PC (1981)

  5. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981)

  6. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset

  7. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset

  8. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset logical address: $AAAA:$0000 physical address: $AAAA * 16 = $AAAA shl 4 = $AAAA0 + $0000 = $AAAA0

  9. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset logical address: $AAAA:$0000 physical address: $AAAA * 16 = $AAAA shl 4 = $AAAA0 + $0000 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A000:$AAA0 physical address: $A000 * 16 = $A000 shl 4 = $A0000 + $AAA0 = $AAAA0

  10. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset logical address: $AAAA:$0000 physical address: $AAAA * 16 = $AAAA shl 4 = $AAAA0 + $0000 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A100:$9AA0 physical address: $A100 * 16 = $A100 shl 4 = $A1000 + $9AA0 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A000:$AAA0 physical address: $A000 * 16 = $A000 shl 4 = $A0000 + $AAA0 = $AAAA0

  11. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset Address space aliasing logical address: $AAAA:$0000 physical address: $AAAA * 16 = $AAAA shl 4 = $AAAA0 + $0000 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A100:$9AA0 physical address: $A100 * 16 = $A100 shl 4 = $A1000 + $9AA0 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A000:$AAA0 physical address: $A000 * 16 = $A000 shl 4 = $A0000 + $AAA0 = $AAAA0

  12. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981) physical address (20 bit): (Segment * 16) + Offset logical address (16 bit & 16 bit): Segment:Offset Address space aliasing logical address: $AAAA:$0000 physical address: $AAAA * 16 = $AAAA shl 4 = $AAAA0 + $0000 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A100:$9AA0 physical address: $A100 * 16 = $A100 shl 4 = $A1000 + $9AA0 = $AAAA0 logical address: $A000:$AAA0 physical address: $A000 * 16 = $A000 shl 4 = $A0000 + $AAA0 = $AAAA0

  13. Examples of CPU Architectures IBM PC (1981)

  14. Examples of CPU Architectures

  15. Examples of CPU Architectures

  16. Examples of CPU Architectures

  17. Examples of CPU Architectures

  18. Examples of CPU Architectures

  19. Examples of CPU Architectures

  20. Examples of CPU Architectures

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