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Lecture # 6. knitting fundamentals. Knitting Fundamentals . Knitting Definition . Knitting is one of several ways to turn thread or yarn into cloth. Unlike woven fabric, knitted fabric consists entirely of horizontal parallel courses of yarn.
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Lecture # 6 knitting fundamentals
Knitting Fundamentals Knitting Definition
Knitting is one of several ways to turn thread or yarn into cloth. Unlike woven fabric, knitted fabric consists entirely of horizontal parallel courses of yarn. The courses are joined to each other by interlocking loops in which a short loop of one course of yarn is wrapped over the bight of another course. Knitting can be done either by hand, described below, or by machine. In practice, hand knitting is usually begun (or "cast on") by forming a base series of twisted loops
Knitting is a process in which one thread is used to make loops and then newly formed loops are passed through previously formed loops and top and bottom loops are joined with the help of head and feet
Lecture # 7 Knitting Fundamentals
Knitting Fundamentals Basic Elements in knitting is Stitch or Course
Stitch Details • loop • Loop insertion through loop • Joining of two loops • Knitted fabric flexibility depends upon loop structure • Loops have many shapes and types
Loop • An extended portion of a regular string • Has no end • It is part of main string • Have balance shape • Is made with the help of any tool which is able to pull the string from a certain point
Loop Insertion • Loop is inserted through an other previously held loop with the help of needle • Needle should have the ability to hold fresh loop during insertion period • Needle is responsible to make new loops and hold the previous sloop • Loop insertion Animation • Knitting Cycle
Website address for knitting cycle • exeltor.com/.../index. php?ss=3&sss=1&stage=3
Lecture # 8 Classification of knitting
Knitting Classification Based upon Knitting Procedure
Warp and Weft • Warp Knitting • Weft Knitting
Warp Knitting • In this process yarn sheet is developed (warp sheet) and then with the help of needles stitches are formed by insertion new loop into old loop.
Weft Knitting In weft knitting single yarn is fed to knitting needles. Needle with the help of cams, sinker make a new loop and passed it into previously held loops.
Types of Weft Knitting Circular Knitting and Flat Knitting
Circular Knitting Machines • In circular knitting machines needles are fixed on a cylinder or dial in a circular shape. • There are more than one feeders to feed yarn to needles at different places. • In most of the cases needle bed (cylinder or dial) moves while feeders remain stationary. • Diameter of cylinder and dial is fixed but in case of sock knitting machines it is changeable due to structure of socks
Flat Knitting Machines • In flat knitting machines needles are fixed on a straight plate. On this machine needle bed remains stationary while yarn feeding system called carriage moves from one end to other end • This machine is used to knit collars, arm bands and sweaters
Types of Circular Knitting Machines • Single Knitting • Double Knitting
Single Knit Machine • In these machines needles are fixed on cylinder and sinker are fixed on sinker ring. Needles knit with the help of sinkers.
Double Knit Machine • In double knit machine needles are fixed on dial as well as on cylinders. There is no sinkers on this machine. • This machine is used to knit interlock, rib and double jerseys
Double Knit Fabric • Interlock--- Two sides are fully knitted, highly flexible used for under garments. Front and back wales are exactly at same point • Rib--- two sides are fully knitted. Less flexible but have strong grip, used for neck, cuff opening and waist band. Front and back wales are not at same point • Double Jersey Double side knitted, can have different designs on both sides
Types of Single Knitting Machines • Plain knitting • Loop knitting
Single Knit Plain Knitting Machines • Mostly called jersey machines. On this machines, there is a set of needles and sinkers. These machines may be single track of multi track. From one track to six track machines are available. • These machine can knit jersey, pique, honey comb, mini jacquard
Single Plain Knitting Machines • Single Track • Multi Track
Single Track Single Knit • Track means number of cams vertically fitted • In single track machine there is only one track • This machine can knit only full knit fabric (single jersey)
Multi Track Knitting Machine • In this machine there are 2-6 tracks • More number of tracks means that variety of designs can be produced • On these machine many types of fabric can be produced, like, pique, pique fleece, two thread fleece and mini jacquard
Loop Knitting Machines • In these machines we can make loop on one or on both sides of fabric. • By introducing loops we can increase the weight and bulkiness of fabric
Types of Loop Knitting Machines • Terry • Fleece
Terry Fabric • This fabric has loops on the surface, like towel but the length of loops is smaller than towels. Normally used to make shirts of kids or for people working under high temperature to absorb the moisture
Three Thread Knitting Machine • This machine is used to produce fleece fabric. This fabric is plain from one side. Mostly front side is of single jersey and on back loop is inserted across various number of wales (normally two to three wales are covered). • Back side is brushed with the help of raising machine to make it more comfortable and bulky as well as warm • Two types of threads are used; fine for the top and course for back ( 30/16, 28/12 etc)
