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Mitosis

Mitosis. Danielle Greenwald Emily Lynch Period 4. Prophase. Metaphase. Mitosis.

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis Danielle Greenwald Emily Lynch Period 4

  2. Prophase Metaphase Mitosis Mitosis is the process of cell division which results in the production of two daughter cells from a single cell, identical to one another and to the original parent cell. Mitosis can be divided into the following four principals stages. Anaphase Telophase Works Cited

  3. Prophase • Nucleoli disappear • Chromatin fibers become more tightly coiled • Each duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere • Mitotic spindle forms in the cytoplasm • Centrosomes move away from each other • Nuclear envelope fragments • Spindle fibers extend from each pole toward the equator of the cell • Kinetochore microtubules throw chromosomes into agitated motion • Nonkinetochore microtubules radiate from the poles toward the cell’s equator without attaching to chromosomes PICTURES DIAGRAM HOME

  4. Metaphase • Centrosomes at opposite poles of cell • Chromosomes convene on the metaphase plate • Centromeres of chromosomes align • Chromatids of each chromosome are attached to kinetochore microtubules of the spindle PICTURES DIAGRAM HOME

  5. Anaphase • Centromeres of each chromosome divide • Each chromatid is now a chromosome • Spindle moves the once- joined sisters toward opposite poles of the cell • Poles of the cell move farther apart • By the end, each pole has equivalent collections of chromosomes PICTURES DIAGRAM HOME

  6. Telophase • Daughter nuclei begins to form at the two poles • Nucleoli reappear and chromatin fiber becomes less tightly coiled • The cleavage furrow forms and begins pinching the cell in the center in animal cells. In plant cells, the cell wall begins forming in the center of the cell and grows outward. • Two identical daughter cells follow shortly after mitosis with cytokenesis PICTURES DIAGRAM HOME

  7. Plant cell Animal cell Back to Prophase HOME

  8. Plant cell Animal cell Back to Metaphase HOME

  9. Plant cell Animal cell Back to Anaphase HOME

  10. Plant cell Animal cell Back to Telophase HOME

  11. Glossary • Mitotic spindle-specific group of spindle fibers used in the process of mitosis • Centrosomes- an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression; each contains two centrioles • Centrioles- organelle that helps in cell division/ reproduction • Spindle Fibers-An aggregate of microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division • Kinetochore microtubules- spindle fibers that attach to the chromosome and maneuver the chromosome during mitosis • Nonkinetochore microtubules- spindle fibers that do not attach to the chromosome • Cytokenesis- the process in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells • Cleavage Furrow- the deep groove that forms when the cell membrane pinches inward in animal cells

  12. Works Cited • http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/mitosis1.html • http://www.csun.edu/~lsh681/graphics/DIVISION.html • http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/dna/mitosis/images/metaphase1_pc.jpg • http://biology.about.com/od/mitosis/ig/Mitosis-Image-Gallery/Anaphase.htm HOME

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