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African Empires – Chapter 15

African Empires – Chapter 15. North and Central African Societies. Hunting/Gathering Societies. Forest Dwellers The Efe (pronounced ‘AY-fay’) Ituri Forest in Congo Large group of 10-100 extended family Women gather, men hunt Social Structure Group Leader – Elder male.

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African Empires – Chapter 15

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  1. African Empires – Chapter 15

  2. North and Central African Societies

  3. Hunting/Gathering Societies • Forest Dwellers • The Efe (pronounced ‘AY-fay’) • Ituri Forest in Congo • Large group of 10-100 extended family • Women gather, men hunt • Social Structure • Group Leader – Elder male

  4. Efe Tribe – Central Africa (exist in modern day)

  5. Stateless Societies • No government organizations • All structure based on families • Lineage • Igbo (pronounced ‘IHG-boh’) – West Africa • Patrilineal • Matrilineal • Age-set System

  6. Muslim States • Islam swept N. Africa in late 600s • Maghrib • Almoravid Empire • Founded by Abd Allah IbnYasin in 11th Century • Western Sahara • Berber Muslims • Began conquests in late 11th Cent. • Captured Ghana in W. Africa and S. Spain (called Moors) • Almohads • Overran Almoravids in mid 1100s • Founded by IbnTumart • Believed Almoravids swayed from Islamic law and wanted to return to the Quran • Marrakech capital (like Almoravids) • United Maghrib under one rule for first time

  7. Almoravid1040-1147 Almohad 1121 - 1269

  8. West African Civilizations

  9. Ghana • 700-1076 • Camels revolutionize trade • Soninke people • Gold-salt Trade • Islamic influences • 11th Century • 1076 – Conquered by Almoravids • Also address of Saint Ignatius!

  10. Mali • 1235 – 1400s • Emerges South of Ghana • Gold deposits to East (near Mali) • Sundiata (pronounced ‘sunjahtah’) • Mansa Musa • IbnBattu • Empire crumbles in 1400s

  11. Songhai • 1400s – 1591 • Gao becomes Songhai capital • Sunni Ali • Askia Muhammad • Downfall…. • Lack of modern weapons • 1304 – Arabs develop gunpowder (Chinese had it in 9th Cent.) • 1591 – Songhai defeated by Moroccans

  12. Homework • Read 12.1 on China and 12.4 on Japan • Write a 1-2 page paper, comparing China with African kingdoms with Japan. One section on the similarities between the civilizations, one section on the differences. Be sure to include an introduction and conclusion. Hard copy of this paper is due on the day we return from Thanksgiving Break – Monday Dec. 2nd

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