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Unit 7 Plants

Unit 7 Plants. Ch. 24 Reproduction of Seed Plants. Structure of Flowers. Flowers are reproductive organs composed of 4 kinds of specialized leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, & carpals. Sepals & Petals.

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Unit 7 Plants

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  1. Unit 7 Plants Ch. 24 Reproduction of Seed Plants

  2. Structure of Flowers • Flowers are reproductive organs composed of 4 kinds of specialized leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, & carpals

  3. Sepals & Petals • Sepals - green leaves that enclose the bud before it opens, & they protect the flower while it is developing • Petals - often brightly colored, found just inside the sepals • Attract insects & other pollinators to the flower

  4. Stamens & Carpels • Stamen - the male parts, consist of an anther & a filament • Filament - a long, thin stalk that supports the anther • Anther - found at the tip of each filament, where pollen grains are formed

  5. Stamens & Carpels • Carpels - (pistils) - the female parts, consists of an ovary, style, & stigma • Ovary - contains 1/more ovules where eggs are produced • Style - stalk connecting the ovary to the stigma • Stigma - top of the style, where pollen grains land

  6. Pollination • Most gymnosperms & some angiosperms are wind pollinated, whereas most angiosperms are pollinated by animals

  7. Seed & Fruit Development • As angiosperm seeds mature, the ovary walls thicken to form a fruit that encloses the developing seeds

  8. Seed Dispersal • Dispersal by Animals • Seeds dispersed by animals are typically contained in fleshy, nutritious fruits

  9. Seed Dispersal • Dispersal by Wind & Water • Seeds dispersed by wind or water are typically lightweight, allowing them to be carried in the air or to float on the surface of the water

  10. Seed Dormancy • Dormancy - when the embryo is alive but not growing • Environmental factors such as temperature & moisture can cause a seed to end dormancy & germinate

  11. Seed Germination • Germination - early growth stage of the plant embryo

  12. Vegetative Reproduction • Vegetative reproduction - type of asexual reproduction • Vegetative reproduction includes the production of new plants from horizontal stems, from plantlets, & from underground roots

  13. Vegetative Reproduction • Stolons - long, trailing stems that produce roots when they touch the ground • Ex.) strawberry plants

  14. Plant Propagation • In plant propagation, horticulturists use cuttings, grafting, or budding to make many identical copies of a plant or to produce offspring from seedless plants

  15. Plant Propagation • Cutting - cut part of the plant stem & plant it in the ground • Grafting - when a piece of stem or bud is cut from a parent plant & attached to another plant • The cut piece is called the scion

  16. Plant Propagation • Budding - when buds are used as scions

  17. Agriculture • Most of the people of the world depend on a few crop plants, such as wheat, rice, & corn, for the bulk of their food supply

  18. Agriculture • Between 1970 & 2000, the amount of corn grown per acre in the US increased more than 60%

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