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Presented by: Dr. Virginia I. Clerveaux Senior Programme Officer

“URBAN RISK IN THE CARIBBEAN: CASE STUDY OF THE CDEMA PARTICIPATING STATES” 5 TH Caribbean Conference on Comprehensive Disaster Management “CDM: Strengthening Partnerships for Resilience”. Presented by: Dr. Virginia I. Clerveaux Senior Programme Officer

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Presented by: Dr. Virginia I. Clerveaux Senior Programme Officer

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  1. “URBAN RISK IN THE CARIBBEAN: CASE STUDY OF THE CDEMA PARTICIPATING STATES”5TH Caribbean Conference on Comprehensive Disaster Management“CDM: Strengthening Partnerships for Resilience” Presented by: Dr. Virginia I. Clerveaux Senior Programme Officer Caribbean Disaster & Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) December 6-10-201

  2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE • Overview of Urban Risk • Urbanization Trends • Increase focus of Urban Risk • Centralization of DRM Capabilities in Cities • Economics & Infrastructural Concentration • Risk Profile of CDEMA-PS • Multi-hazards vulnerability • Location • Size • Historical Factors • Climate Change • Socio-economic • Technological • DRR in Urban Development • Way Forward

  3. OVERVIEW OF URBAN RISK 1. Urbanization Trends • Population growth is predicted mainly to take place in cities and their urban landscapes. • In 2030- 1 in 4 persons will live in a city of 500,000 people; • Urban growth will be more pronounce in the developing countries; • Urban population in the Caribbean exceeds world average (Table 1). • Urbanization in Caribbean cities sometimes surpass develop countries e.g Japan. • >20% of the population in the Caribbean resides in the capital city (Table 2)

  4. URBANIZATION TRENDS Table 1: Percentage Urban in World Regions & Areas 1960-2000

  5. Table 2: Percentage Population Residing in CDEMA-PS Capital Cities

  6. Why the increase focus on urban risk? • Economic & Infrastructural Concentration • Utilities companies • Financial companies • Public sector decision-making • Communications • Ports/airports • Fuel storage • Increase level of: • vulnerability • poverty • Pollution • Disease • Unplanned settlements • Centralization of DRM Capabilities in Cities • NDO/NEOC • National and regional DRM capabilities • National and regional emergency wharehouses • National emergency task forces headquarted in capitals • Health services • Security services • Other critical response facilities

  7. RISK PROFILE OF CDEMA-PS • Vulnerability Factors: • Location • Hurricane Belt (Figure 1) • Seismically activeRegion (Figure 2) • Multi-hazard Exposure • Size • Climate Change • Socio-economic • Historical • Technological Risk

  8. Location within the hurricane belt Figure 1: Tropical Storms and Hurricanes Affecting Caribbean– 1990-2007 1990-1999 2000-2007

  9. Location within earthquake & volcanic region Figure 2: Earthquake & Volcanic source in the Caribbean Earthquake Volcano

  10. Multi-hazard exposure • CDEMA Participating States are Vulnerable to Multiple Hazards including: • Hurricanes (All CDEMA participating States) • Floods (All CDEMA participating States) • Landslides (Most CDEMA participating States such as: Jamaica, Grenada, St. Vincent etc) • Volcanoes (Montserrat, St. Vincent, Grenada etc) • Tsunamis (All CDEMA participating States) • Climate Change (All CDEMA participating States) • Earthquake (Jamaica, St. Vincent, Trinidad etc) • Drought (All CDEMA participating States) • Storm Surge (All CDEMA participating States)

  11. Disaster Impact Profile of CDEMA-PS Table 2: Disaster Impact in Selected CDEMA Participating States: 1970-1999

  12. DISASTER STATISTICS FOR PARTICIPATING STATES 1900-2010

  13. Trend in hazard impact in urban cities in cdema-ps

  14. Trend in hazard impact in urban cities in cdema-ps contd.

  15. Dominica Earthquake, 2004 Grenada - Hurricane Lenny, 1999 Disaster Experiences in CDEMA Participating States Volcanic Eruption, Montserrat Palmiste, Grenada – Hurricane Lenny, 1999

  16. Impact of hazards on Capital Cities in CDEMA-PS Haiti Earthquake-2010 Hurricane –Tomas Saint Lucia-2010 Hurricane Ike TCI-2008 Fire/Earthquake Jamaica-1907

  17. Impact of hazards on Capital Cities in CDEMA-PS Hurricane Tomas, SVG-2010 Hurricane Richard, Belize-2010 Flooding Guyana-2010 Hurricane Omar, Nevis-2008

  18. The Way Forward • Need for development of urban-centered multi-hazard plans • Hazard-specific plans – note Earthquake contingency plan in vogue • Education/awareness promotion dimension • Comprehensive planning • Mitigation-urban planning decision-building codes, code enforcement • What are we designing for (hurricane, all hazards)? • Technological hazard dimension of urban centres • Sheltering in cities • Evacuation in cities

  19. Building Resilience in CDEMA Participating States “The idea of “resilience” suggests a proactive stance towards risk.” • Tsunami Protocol Developed • Enhancing National Level Multi-Hazard Plan • Adaptation of Comprehensive Disaster Management (CDM) Strategy. • Model Earthquake Contingency Plan • Earthquake Readiness Capacity Building project • GIS-based Flood Early Warning System

  20. THANK YOU MUCHAS GRACIAS Dank u wel MERCIBEAUCOUP

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