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Perceiving Shared Visual Space

Perceiving Shared Visual Space. Andrew Beall Jack Loomis University of California, Santa Barbara 6.1 funding. Overview. Objective : Understand the perceptual underpinnings of shared vistas and joint attention. Compare human performance in real and virtual environments.

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Perceiving Shared Visual Space

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  1. Perceiving Shared Visual Space Andrew Beall Jack Loomis University of California, Santa Barbara 6.1 funding

  2. Overview Objective: • Understand the perceptual underpinnings of shared vistas and joint attention. • Compare human performance in real and virtual environments. • Develop procedures to improve performance through training. Technical Approach: • Define the physical and psychological problem • Conduct human studies in the field and with immersive VE technology

  3. Overview Period of Performance: FY01 Received/Requested Funding (total per FY): $95K per year for years FY02 & FY03

  4. Shared vistas

  5. Useful conceptualizations by Michael Benedikt (1979) Area – how much space can be seen Perimeter – how much environmental surface can be seen Occlusivity – the amount which environmental surfaces are covering one another Variance – dispersion of perimeter relative to vantage point Skewness – measures the asymmetry of the dispersion Geometric analysis of vista fields Gabriel Suarez (1998)

  6. Shared Vistas

  7. Experiment & setup

  8. Results from study (real outdoors) Indicated occlusion boundary Degrees C A B Location

  9. Results from study (virtual outdoors) Indicated occlusion boundary Degrees C A B Location

  10. Shared vistas summary Objectives • Understand the perceptual underpinnings of shared vistas. • Compare human performance in real and virtual environments. • Develop procedures to improve performance through training. Approach Accomplishments/Payoff • Collected performance data • Validated IVE results • Clears the way for using IVEs in training scenarios

  11. Joint Attention

  12. Joint attention Error from misperceiving direction Errorless performance

  13. Joint attention Judging looking direction of another (Pusch and Loomis) • Approach • Goal of the research was to assess the accuracy with which a subject (S) can sense the looking direction of a looker (L) while viewing L using peripheral vision (out to 90 deg retinal eccentricity). • L faced targets in different directions as specified by computer. S viewed L’s head and indicated its direction by a pointer interfaced to the computer. • Conclusions of research • For a looker in fairly close proximity (within 4 m), the average subject is able to accurately sense the looking direction of another person even when viewing with the far periphery (80-90 deg eccentricity). • Being able to see the looker move his/her head to the next target increases performance accuracy relative to not seeing the head motion. • Significance for VEs and VIRTE program • In real environments, team members can use • peripheral vision to sense what other team members • are looking at. The efficiency of vision- • based “joint attention” promotes efficient and • effective functioning of the team. • Because of the limited field-of-view of existing • HMDs, this research raises concern about the • effectiveness of current HMDs for team training.

  14. Future avatars

  15. FY01 (Oct-Jun) FY01 (Jul-Sep) AccomplishmentsPlans Research Area: • Shared vistas pilot studies in both real and virtual environment • Judging looking direction of another (Pusch & Loomis) • Formal studies of shared vistas

  16. Research Area: What are the critical issues to be resolved? • What exactly is the stimulus support enabling human performance? • How susceptible is performance to perceptual distortions and display artifacts? • Can geometric/optical strategies be discovered to development effective training programs?

  17. Looking direction data

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