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Restorative Measures. Principles and Practices Riestenberg, MDE. Formal System Rule Punishment Administrator decision Riestenberg, MDE. Restorative Approach Harm Amends/healing/re-connection Victim/Offender/ Community decision. Compare and Contrast. Restorative Measures.
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Restorative Measures Principles and Practices Riestenberg, MDE
Formal System Rule Punishment Administrator decision Riestenberg, MDE Restorative Approach Harm Amends/healing/re-connection Victim/Offender/ Community decision Compare and Contrast
Restorative Measures Person(s) harmed Person(s) who did harm Community • talk it through • identify solutions • restore order Riestenberg, MDE conflict/problem/harm done :
Restorative Practices • Voluntary • Have to admit harm • Willing to problem solve • Any party can stop at any time • conducted by a trained facilitator • Riestenberg, MDE
Models in MN Schools • Family/Restorative Group Conferencing • Victim/Offender Dialogue • Circles of Understanding • Riestenberg, MDE
Agreements • Victim needs: safety, retaliation concerns • Offender plan to : • make amends, • change behavior, • do good in community • Community plan for support for both; bystander education if needed • Address identified educational needs
Restorative Results... • …are measured by how much repair is done rather than by how much punishment was inflicted. • Riestenberg, MDE
Outcomes of School Exclusion • High levels of repeat offending—suspension not effective in changing behavior (Costenbader & Markson, 1998) • Early suspension appears to predict rise in misbehavior (Tobin et al 1996) • Suspension Correlated with School Dropout (Ekstrom1986) • Decrease in academic achievement, (Skiba, et al,2003) • Less effective school climate (Wu et al,1982) • http://www.civilrightsproject.harvard.edu/research/discipline/discipline_gen.php
Evaluation Studies Minnesota Schools, 1998-2003
S.St. Paul, Lincoln Elementary: 1997-2000 • Incidents of physical harm went from 7/day to less than 2/day • Behavior Referrals to Office • 1997-98 1662 • 1998-99 1143 • 1999-00 640 • 2000-01 407
Kaposia Elementary ISS OSS Beh Ref 98-99 8 27 361 99-00 25 4 442* 00-01 36 4 459** • *Bottom line behaviors required referral to office • **New planner did not get referrals from teachers for about 2 months
S. St. Paul Jr. High • Out of School Suspensions: • 1998-99 110 • 99-2000 65 • 2000-01 55
Minneapolis Public Schools • 01-0202-03% change • NS Johnson K-8 800 292 63% • Ramsey Fine Arts 272 149 45% • K-8 • Training and implementation of circle process for community building, violence prevention and intervention;
Bibliography • In-School Behavior Intervention Grants, Riestenberg, (2001) http://education.state.mn.us/content/041622.pdf • Restorative Measures: Respecting Everyone’s Ability to Resolve Problems http://education.state.mn.us/content/064280.pdf • Restorative Justice in Schools Report, (2002) Ierley & Ivker, www.schoolmediationcenter.org • Restorative Schools Grants Executive Summary (2003) http://education.state.mn.us/content/069037.pdf • Compiled by Nancy Riestenberg, MN Dept of Education, 651-582-8433 nancy.riestenberg@state.mn.us
Resources • http://education.state.mn.us/html/intro_safe_atd.htm . • Other articles: click on “MDE Programs,” Safe and Healthy Students, “alcohol/tobacco/other drugs/violence” • Nancy Riestenberg • MN Department of Education • 651-582-8433 • nancy.riestenberg@state.mn.us