Coloring the Periodic Table Families

1. Coloring the Periodic Table Families 6th Grade Science Mr. Rohde • Part One

2. If only it was that easy…..

3. Learning Goal for This Unit • To describe the composition and structure of the Earth.

4. I am Dmitri Mendeleev! I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

5. Mendeleev • In 1869,Dmitri Ivanovitch Mendeléev created the first accepted version of the periodic table. • He grouped elements according to their atomic mass, and as he did, he found that the families had similar chemical properties.  • Blank spaces were left open to add the new elements he predicted would occur. 

6. Today, we are going to set up the periodic table into their groups. Please have out these colors: • Orange • Green • Blue • Red • Yellow

7. Families on the Periodic Table • Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties. • Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table. • Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

10. Columns of elements are called groups or families. Elements in each family have similar but not identical properties. All elements in a family have the same number of valence electrons. Each horizontal row of elements is called a period. The elements in a period are not alike in properties. The first element in a period is always an extremely active solid. The last element in a period, is always an inactive gas. Families Periods

11. ALKALI METALS Group 1 • Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal • 1 electron in the outer shell • Very reactive, esp. with water • Conduct electricity

12. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 • 2 electrons in the outer shell • Reactive • Conduct electricity

13. TRANSITION METALS Groups in the middle • Good conductors of heat and electricity. • Some are used for jewelry.. • Can bond with many elements

14. BORON FAMILY Group 3 • 3 electrons in the outer shell • Most are metals

15. CARBON FAMILY Group 4 • 4 electrons in the outer shell

16. NITROGEN FAMILY Group 5 • 5 electrons in the outer shell • Can share electrons to form compounds

17. OXYGEN FAMILY Group 6 • 6 electrons in the outer shell

18. Halogens Group 7 • 7 electrons in the outer shell • All are non-metals • Very reactive are often bonded with elements from Group 1

19. Noble Gases Group 8 • Exist as gases • Non-metals • 8 electrons in the outer shell = Full • Not reactive with other elements

20. Rare Earth Metals • Some are Radioactive • Conduct electricity

21. Review Game: • Click on this link to help you study your elements: • http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/periodictable_0_click_common.html

22. Now that we have set up the periodic table, let’s delve in  Exit Ticket Time

23. Periodic Table Drawing the Elements Part 2

24. Let’s start with a joke…… • What do you do with a sick chemist?

25. If you can't helium, and you can't curium, then you might as well barium.

26. Learning Goal for This Unit • To describe the composition and structure of the Earth.

27. Bohr Diagrams • Find your element on the periodic table. • Determine the number of electrons – it is the same as the atomic number. • This is how many electrons you will draw.

28. Bohr Diagrams • Find out which period (row) your element is in. • Elements in the 1st period have one energy level. • Elements in the 2nd period have two energy levels, and so on. www.chem4kids.com

29. Bohr Diagrams C Draw a nucleus with the element symbol inside. Carbon is in the 2nd period, so it has two energy levels, or shells. Draw the shells around the nucleus.

30. Bohr Diagrams C Add the electrons. Carbon has 6 electrons. The first shell can only hold 2 electrons.

31. Bohr Diagrams C Since you have 2 electrons already drawn, you need to add 4 more. These go in the 2nd shell.

32. Bohr Diagrams C Check your work. You should have 6 total electrons for Carbon.

33. Copy this chart:

34. Now you’re ready to draw Bohr diagrams for the Alkali metals.

35. Periodic Table of Elements • Part 3

36. Learning Goal for This Unit • To describe the composition and structure of the Earth.

37. Elements • The elements, alone or in combinations, make up our bodies, our world, our sun, and in fact, the entire universe.

40. Last week, you took a look at the Alkali metals. We talked about the Valence electrons and how they are the electrons that react or mix with other mixtures or elements. Let’s see them in action. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uixxJtJPVXk

41. Elements • Science has come along way since Aristotle’s theory of Air, Water, Fire, and Earth. • Scientists have identified 94 naturally occurring elements, and created about 24 others.

42. The most abundant element in the earth’s crust is oxygen.

43. All About the Periodic Table Article • When you read this article, please take notes on the three sections (structure, classification, and chemical properties). • We will be discussing this shortly.

44. Periodic Table • The periodic table organizes the elements in a particular way. A great deal of information about an element can be gathered from its position in the period table. • Understanding the organization and plan of the periodic table will help you obtain basic information about each of the 117 KNOWN elements. Let’s unlock the information found on the Periodic Table!!!

45. Key to the Periodic Table • Elements are organized on the table according to their atomic number, usually found near the top of the square. • The atomic number refers to how many protons an atom of that element has.

46. What’s in a square? • Different periodic tables can include various bits of information, but usually: • atomic number • symbol • atomic mass • number of valence (electrons the element shares) electrons • state of matter at room temperature.

47. Atomic Number • This refers to how many protons an atom of that element has. • No two elements, have the same number of protons. Bohr Model of ________Atom Wave Model

48. Atomic Mass • Atomic Mass refers to the “weight” of the atom. • It is derived at by adding the number of protons with the number of neutrons. This is a ________atom. What is its atomic number? H

49. How to find the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons. • Electrons are the same as the Atomic number. This number also gives you the number of protons. • For neutrons, find the atomic mass (rounded to nearest whole number). • Atomic mass=Protons + Neutrons

50. Exit Ticket Time  • Today, you will be completing an exit ticket that asks you to: • Construct Bohr models • Describe protons, electrons, and neutrons • Calculate the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons that you would find in an element.