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Appeal to Caesar

Acts 25-27. Appeal to Caesar. Overview of Chapters 24-28. 24 – Paul stands trial before Felix, a terrible ruler 25 – Paul stands trial before Festus, an excellent ruler 26 – Paul presents his defense before the guests of Festus, Agrippa II and Bernice

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Appeal to Caesar

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  1. Acts 25-27 Appeal to Caesar

  2. Overview of Chapters 24-28 • 24 – Paul stands trial before Felix, a terrible ruler • 25 – Paul stands trial before Festus, an excellent ruler • 26 – Paul presents his defense before the guests of Festus, Agrippa II and Bernice • 27 – Paul’s ship wrecks on the way to Rome • 28 – Paul arrives in Rome where he spends 2 years waiting for his trial

  3. Governor Felix and Paul • Left Paul in prison for 2 years as a favor to the Jews

  4. Nero Replaces Felix with Festus • Felix was a terrible ruler who hated the Jews • Festus was much stronger and fairer • Died after only 3 years in office

  5. Nero Replaces Felix with Festus A.D. 56 • Felix was a terrible ruler who hated the Jews • Festus was much stronger and fairer • Died after only 3 years in office

  6. FestusA.D. 56

  7. Justice Delayed is Justice Denied • Three days after arriving – 25:1 • The next day – 25:6 • I did not delay – 25:17 • Contrast with the 2 years Felix left Paul in prison!

  8. Trial in Caesarea

  9. Acts 25:8 Paul’s Defense • I have done nothing wrong against the Jews • Or against the Temple • Or against Caesar

  10. Paul – I appeal to Caesar! Acts 25:12 Acts 25:11 Festus – To Caesar you will go!

  11. The Caesar before whom Paul would have stood was Nero! A.D. 54 - 68

  12. Paul offered a defense of himself before Governor Festus, King Agrippa, and Agrippa’s sister Bernice

  13. King Agrippa II& Bernice • Brother and Sister • Siblings of Drusilla (Wife of Felix) • Children of Agrippa I • Great-grandchildren of Herod the Great

  14. King Agrippa • 17 when his father died (Acts 12) • Given a small kingdom • Territory grew – Became Curator of Jerusalem Temple • Power to appoint High Priest

  15. Bernice • Could be her own soap opera • Married an uncle at 13 (he died) • Moved in with her brother • Rumors of incest (Josephus Jewish Antiquities 20.145-46) • Later remarried/divorced/returned to Herod Agrippa II

  16. Conclusions of Festus • Dispute with him about their own religion (19) • A dead man named Jesus who Paul claimed was alive (19) • Nothing deserving of death (25) • I (need) something to write (26)

  17. Paul’s Defenseto Agrippa • I lived as a Pharisee (4-8) • I opposed the name of Jesus (9-11) • I saw a light from heaven (12-18)

  18. 3rd Account of Paul’s Conversion • Shortest of the 3 • No mention of Ananias • Focus on the calling from God to go to the Gentiles

  19. Festus Interrupts Paul • You are out of your mind, Paul! (24) • Your great learning is driving you insane (24) • He interrupted when Paul began talking about RESURRECTION

  20. 2 Explosive Words (23) Resurrection Gentiles

  21. King Agrippa, do you believe the prophets?I know you do.

  22. Agrippa said to Paul, “Do you think that in such a short time you can persuade me to be a Christian?”

  23. The Verdict • Paul was innocent • He could have been set free • Must send him to Rome

  24. The Centurion (27:1) • Julius • Centurions were professionals • Was impressed with Paul from the start

  25. Paul said to the men on the ship, “Men, I can see that our voyage is going to be disastrous and bring great loss of ship and cargo, and to our own lives also.”(27:10)

  26. Typhoon hit them at Crete • “Sandbars of Syrtis” (17) are in N. Africa • “We…gave up hope” (20)

  27. An angel of God says to Paul, “Do Not Fear!” • You must stand trial before Caesar • 18:9 – Corinth • 23:11 – Jerusalem

  28. Complete dark (20) • 14 nights (27) • 276 people • Struck sandbar • Saved by the Centurion

  29. Acts 28 Arrival in Rome

  30. Shipwrecked • Island of Malta, off the coast of Sicily

  31. Shipwreck on Malta (28:1)

  32. Winter on Malta • Healed all the sick people on the island (9) • Stayed 3 winter months (11)

  33. So we came to Rome (14) • Brethren met him • Forum of Appius (40 miles south of Rome) • Three Taverns (30 miles south of Rome)

  34. Paul in Rome • Lived by himself in his own rented apartment (16, 30) • A soldier to guard him (16) • Probably chained in 4-hour shifts

  35. For two whole years Paul stayed there in his own rented house and welcomed all who came to see him. Boldly and without hindrance he preached the kingdom of God and taught about the Lord Jesus Christ.(Acts 28:30-31)

  36. ? Luke does not tell us the result of Paul’s trial before Caesar.

  37. During the 2 years in Rome Paul wrote the 4 Prison Epistles

  38. During the 2 years in Rome Paul wrote the 4 Prison Epistles • Ephesians • Philippians • Colossians • Philemon

  39. Ephesians • Perhaps a circular letter, sent to churches throughout Asia • The “whole armor of God” is the response to the “spiritual forces of evil” (6:10-18).

  40. Colossians • Sent to a church Paul hadn’t visited – started during his ministry in Ephesus • Response to spiritual confusion – lift up Christ (1:15-20)

  41. Philippians • A church that had a special 10-year relationship with Paul • Financially supported Paul • Letter deals with how to unite in the face of conflict (4:2)

  42. Philemon • Name of a Christian slave owner in the Colossian church • Written on behalf of Philemon’s slave, Onesimus • Very public, private letter

  43. End of Acts Exam 4 on Tuesday

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