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“This Land is Your Land”

“This Land is Your Land”. Is there a Mitzvah of ישוב ארץ ישראל ?.

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“This Land is Your Land”

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  1. “This Land is Your Land” Is there a Mitzvah of ישוב ארץ ישראל ?

  2. ….. the country’s population stands at 7,411,000, according to figures released by the CBS. Some 5,593,000 of the population (75.5 percent) are Jewish Israelis, 1,498,000 (20.2%) are Israeli Arabs and the remaining 320,000 (4.3%) are immigrants and their offspring who are not registered as Jews by the Interior Ministry, including some 200,000 foreign workers. According to CBS, since last Independence Day, the country’s population has risen by some 1.8%, with most of this increase being attributed to natural growth. 154,000 new babies have been born and more than 12,000 new immigrants have arrived. In total, the population of Israel grew by approximately 125,000 over the last year. . When the state was established, there were only 806,000 residents Since 2003, the growth rate has remained relatively stable. The majority (88 percent) of the increase was due to natural births. In 1948 there was only one city in Israel with more than 100,000 residents – Tel Aviv-Yafo (248,000). Today, 14 cities number more than 100,000 residents, of which 5 number more than 200,000 Population Figures for IsraelOn the Eve of Last Year’s יום העצמאות

  3. Bamidbar Ch. 33 (נ) וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל משֶׁה בְּעַרְבֹת מוֹאָב עַל יַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ לֵאמֹר: (נא) דַּבֵּר אֶל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם כִּי אַתֶּם עֹבְרִים אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל אֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן:(נב) וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אֶת כָּל ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵיכֶם וְאִבַּדְתֶּם אֵת כָּל מַשְׂכִּיֹּתָם וְאֵת כָּל צַלְמֵי מַסֵּכֹתָם תְּאַבֵּדוּ וְאֵת כָּל בָּמוֹתָם תַּשְׁמִידוּ: (נג) וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אֶת הָאָרֶץ וִישַׁבְתֶּם בָּהּ כִּי לָכֶם נָתַתִּי אֶת הָאָרֶץ לָרֶשֶׁת אֹתָהּ: 50. The Lord spoke to Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho, saying: 51. Speak to the children of Israel and say to them: When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan, 52. You shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land from before you, destroy all their temples, destroy their molten idols, and demolish their high places. 53. You shall clear out the Land and settle in it, for I have given you the Land to occupy it.

  4. (נג)והורשתם את הארץ והורשתם אותה מיושביה ואז וישבתם בה תוכלו להתקיים בה ואם לאו לא תוכלו להתקיים בה: Rashi

  5. Ramban’s view והורשתם את הארץ וישבתם בה כי לכם נתתי את הארץ לרשת אתה על דעתי זו מצות עשה היא, יצוה אותם שישבו בארץ ויירשו אותה כי הוא נתנה להם ולא ימאסו בנחלת ה' ואלו יעלה על דעתם ללכת ולכבוש ארץ שנער או ארץ אשור וזולתן ולהתישב שם, יעברו על מצות ה'

  6. Rashi – Mitzvah is to “clear out the Land” Dwelling is a הבטחה or a promise Ramban – Mitzvah is dwelling אור החייםנג) והורשתם את וגו' וישבתם וגו' רש"י ז"ל פירש שהמצוה היא והורשתם, אבל וישבתם היא הבטחה, ורמב"ן ז"ל פירש שהמצוה היא "וישבתם".

  7. Midrash Sifri, Parshat Re’e 12:29 מעשה ברבי יהודה בן בתירה ור' מתיה בן חרשור' חנניה בן אחי ר' יהושע ור' נתן שהיו יוצאין חוצה לארץ והגיעו לפלטיה וזכרו את ארץ ישראל וזקפו את עיניהם וזלגו דמעותיהן וקרעו בגדיהם וקראו המקרא הזה וירשתה וישבת בה ושמרת לעשות אמרו ישיבת ארץ ישראל שקולה כנגד כל המצות שבתורה:‘ Once, R. Yehuda Ben Beteira and R. Masya Ben Cheresh and R. Chanania (and others) were on their way outside of Israel. They arrived at (a place called Platia) and remembered the Land of Israel. They lifted up their eyes, which then started to tear, they tore their garments and recited this verse, “you should inherit it and dwell in it and be careful to perform (the mitzvot).” They said, “Living in the Land of Israel is equivalent to all of the other mitzvot of the Torah (combined)” א) וְהָיָה כִּי תָבוֹא אֶל הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לְךָ נַחֲלָה וִירִשְׁתָּהּ וְיָשַׁבְתָּ בָּהּ: And it will be, when you come into the land which the Lord, your God, gives you for an inheritance, and you possess it and settle in it, ב)וְלָקַחְתָּ מֵרֵאשִׁית כָּל פְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר תָּבִיא מֵאַרְצְךָ אֲשֶׁר יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לָךְ וְשַׂמְתָּ בַטֶּנֶא וְהָלַכְתָּ אֶל הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִבְחַר יְ־הֹוָ־ה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְשַׁכֵּן שְׁמוֹ שָׁם: that you shall take of the first of all the fruit of the ground, which you will bring from your land, which the Lord, your God, is giving you. And you shall put [them] into a basket and go to the place which the Lord, your God, will choose to have His Name dwell there. A possible support for Ramban ?

  8. Whom does the following seem to support? Gemara Ketubot 110b משנה הכל מעלין לארץ ישראל ואיןהכל מוציאין הכל מעלין לירושלים ואין הכל מוציאין אחד האנשים ואחד הנשים Rashi הכל מעלין - את כל בני ביתו אדם כופה לעלות ולישב עמו אחד האנשים ואחד הנשים - אף האשה כופה את בעלה לעלות ולדור שם

  9. Ramfications תנו רבנן הוא אומר לעלות והיא אומרת שלא לעלות כופין אותה לעלות ואם לאו תצא בלא כתובה - היא אומרת לעלות והוא אומר שלא לעלות כופין אותו לעלות ואם לאו יוציא ויתן כתובה

  10. Tosafot’s commentary in Ketubot

  11. Teshuva/Responsum ofMaharit, Rabbi Joseph ben Moses Trani, born in Safed in 1568, and died in Constantinople in 1639.

  12. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Minchat Shlomo) notes: ומ"מ בזמננו דאפשר שפיר לשמור ולקיים שפיר חייבין לעלות גם לר"ח כהן ,,,,,, Responsum of Rav Yonah Lansdofer (“Me'il Tzedaka”) Quoted by Pitchei Teshuva in S. Aruch Even Ha'ezer Ch. 75 After quoting the sources, writes:

  13. Me’il Tzedaka, after he notes that the element of danger must be evaluated on a case by case basis, issues one condition:

  14. What is the view of Rambam? • Dilemma: Rambam, in his Sefer Hamitzvot, in which he enumerates and briefly explains all of the Torah’s positive and negative commandments, does not list the mitzvah of Living in the Land of Israel as one of the Torah's positive commandments • Megillat Esther, a commentary on the Rambam’s Sefer Hamitzvot, had this to say about the omission: • "It appears to me that the fact that Rambam excludes the commandment of settling the Land from the 613 Mitzvos, is due to the fact that this was a commandment only during the earlier generations of Moshe, Yehoshua and David. The Mitzvah remained intact until the exile. However, once Am Yisrael went into exile, this Mitzvah was indeed suspended until the coming of Mashiach. On the contrary, it would appear from the Talmud at the end of Massechet Ketubot that we are forbidden to return en masse to Eretz Yisrael until 'the end of days'. The fact that our Rabbis praised the idea of living in Israel was clearly referring to the times when the Temple was still standing, however, nowadays there is no such Mitzvah. This is also the opinion of Tosafot in Ketubot (10b)…."

  15. But, wait…here is the Rambam in the Mishnah TorahBook of Melachim (Kings) Ch. 5:

  16. Summary of Rambam Megillat Esther: Mitzvah only applied during the time of Moshe and Yehoshua

  17. Earlier, in Halacha #7, Rambam declares: Now, if there was a mitzvah to live in Eretz Yisrael, then what should Rambam have said?

  18. Responsum of Rav Moshe Feinstein, Iggerot Moshe Even Ha’ezer 1:102

  19. Responsum of Rav Zalman Nechemia Goldberg, in HaRav Dovid Falk – BiTorato Yehegeh

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