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Daily TAKS Connection: Changes in DNA

Daily TAKS Connection: Changes in DNA. BIO(6): The student knows that the structures and functions of nucleic acids in the mechanisms of genetics. The student is expected to: (C) Identify and illustrate how changes in DNA cause mutations and evaluate the significance of these changes.

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Daily TAKS Connection: Changes in DNA

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  1. Daily TAKS Connection:Changes in DNA BIO(6): The student knows that the structures and functions of nucleic acids in the mechanisms of genetics. The student is expected to: (C) Identify and illustrate how changes in DNA cause mutations and evaluate the significance of these changes.

  2. Construct a two tab foldable Materials: Foldable handout Scissors Pen Colored pencils/crayons Instructions: Fold all solid lines 1 cm folds should be glued together in the appropriate order so that a 4 side-box like foldable is produced Day 1

  3. Sex cells (sperm & eggs) Day 2 notes Changes in DNA • Environmental Factors can Cause Mutations • UV rays (does not affect gametes) • Carcinogens (radiation, cigarettes, asbestos) • Mutations can be beneficial to an organism because the change can create an advantage over other organisms

  4. G G A For example: Glycine Day 2 notes Nucleotides & DNA • DNA is made up of a sequence of NUCLEOTIDES. 1. On your notes, circle a nucleotide. • Any change in the sequence (order) of these nucleotides may result in a mutation • 3 nucleotides code for an amino acid • Amino acids make up proteins

  5. U U U Day 2 notes Codon Chart • A single base change will code for a different amino acid.1) What amino acids are coded for the above?2) What if we change one base? What amino acids are coded for? U U U U histadine-leucine-histadine histadine-proline-histadine This Means a Different Protein will be made!!

  6. This is a male This person has non-disjunction (when chormosomes fail to separate during mitosis (MUTATION) Day 2 notes Karyotype • A karyotype is a picture of a person’s 23 chromosomes. • From a karyotype you can determine the following

  7. Question 1 The assembly of a messenger RNA strand that normally begins with UAC has been changed so that the newly assembled messenger RNA strand begins with UAG. Which of the following will most likely occur? A The protein will be missing the first amino acid. B The amino acids that make up the protein will all be different. C The mRNA will become attached to a ribosome. D The production of the protein will be stopped.

  8. Question 2 The diagram above shows chromosomes in a cell undergoing cell division. If one of the chromosomes breaks during this process, which of the following will most likely happen? A Mutation B Selection C Duplication D Segregation

  9. 0 0 0 7 Question 3 The diagram shows three generations of cells produced by a single cell through mitosis. In the process, a single mutation occurred at the point indicated. The mutation caused changes within a dominant allele. How many of the 15 cells contain the mutation? Record and bubble in your answer as you would on a griddable item.

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