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cover. Green Laws. Green Laws. title. & Com munity Des ign. LSU Green Laws Research Project. Austin Evans. Louisiana Department of Agriculture & Forestry EBR Parish Tree And Landscape Commission. Photographs: Live Oak Gardens Ltd.

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  1. cover Green Laws Green Laws • title & Community Design LSU Green Laws Research Project Austin Evans Louisiana Department of Agriculture & Forestry EBR Parish Tree And Landscape Commission Photographs: Live Oak Gardens Ltd. Abbey Associates Landscape Architects

  2. Community Landscape Codes Landscape codes or green laws are special parts of a community’s zoning ordinance. Certain provisions are written to influence the design of parking facilities and make improvements to the environment of urban areas Notable codes include New York City, Gainesville, Florida, Cary, North Carolina, Davis, California, Portland, Oregon, Charleston, South Carolina, Austin, Texas, New Holland, Illinois, Dublin, Ohio Gross Ile Township, Michigan Annapolis, Maryland and Mandeville, Louisiana require improvements to parking lot environments.

  3. Tree Protection Area (TPA) The purpose of a Tree Protection Area is to lessen and to hopefully eliminate any adverse effects on trees during the construction process.

  4. The Problem 1. Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  5. The Problem 2. Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  6. The Problem 3. Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  7. The Problem 4. Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  8. Purpose of Tree Protection Area Keeps trees set aside for protection safe from construction effects Eliminates soil compaction Reduces stresses on trees Keeps heavy machinery as well as foot traffic out Eliminates physical damage to a protected tree

  9. Types of TPAs Simple, Orange Fence Sedimentation Fence Metal Fences Wooden Fences Preferably combinations of any listed above

  10. Code Writing Essentials Purpose Location Location under the tree (Root zone, Drip Line, etc.) Materials Height of Fences Signage Specialists on site

  11. A Visual Galleryof TPAs Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  12. Visual Gallery 2. 6’ Chain-link Fence in Baton Rouge, LA Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  13. Visual Gallery 3. 6’ Chain-link Fence in Baton Rouge, LA Photo by Austin Evans (2007)

  14. Visual Gallery 4. TPA in Clark County, Washington

  15. Visual Gallery 5. Fence and Sign in Chapel Hill, NC

  16. Visual Gallery 6. Wooden Fence in Cookville, TN

  17. Typical TPA Detail Brentwood, TN

  18. Typical Code Specs City of Snellville, GA (1) Trees identified for preservation shall have protection fencing that is a minimum of four (4) feet high installed at the edge of the critical root zones. T he City Arborist shall have the discretion to require the installation of four (4) foot high minimum chain link fencing in those areas where the likelihood of possible encroachment occurs. All tree protection zones shall be designated as such with signage posted visibly on all sides of the fenced area. Signs requesting workers’ cooperation and compliance with tree protection standards are recommended at the site entrance(s). (2) All tree protection zones shall be designed to prevent the sedimentation of erosion material. Silt fences must be placed along the outer uphill edges of tree protection zones at the development interface. (3) No person shall encroach into the tree protection zones. Construction activities, including but not limited to, parking, vehicle and foot traffic, material storage, concrete washout, debris burning, and other activities shall be arranged so as to prevent disturbance within the protected areas. (4) Reasonable efforts shall be made to locate utility lines along corridors between tree protection zones. If utility lines must encroach into the protection zones, they shall be installed by tunneling rather than trenching. (5) All tree protection devices shall remain in fully functioning condition until the Certificate of Occupancy is issued. (6) Any tree, designated for preservation, which is negligently damaged during construction or removed without the appropriate review and approval, as determined by the City Arborist, shall be treated according to the National Arborists Association Standards. If fatally damaged, the tree(s) shall be replaced with four (4) inch caliper trees equal to the unit value of the tree removed. Any specimen tree damaged as described above shall be replaced with trees equal to three (3) times the unit value of the tree removed. (7) All tree protection zones shall be mulched with at least four (4) inches and not more than eight (8) inches of organic mulch, such as pine straw, wood chips, tree leaves, or compost. (8) There shall be no construction activity inside the tree save areas, including but not limited to, grading, paving, and construction of buildings and other structures. (9) The site shall be designed and maintained in a manner to ensure proper drainage in tree save areas during and after construction.

  19. Typical Code Specs City of Brentwood, TN (1) A protection barrier or temporary fence shall be installed at a minimum of four feet in height around the tree that is identified as protected. The tree protection barriers shall be constructed before the issuance of any permits, and shall remain intact throughout the entire period of construction. (2) The tree protection barrier shall be constructed of a metal material securely fastened to a wood frame composed of two-by-four inch (minimum) structural members with cross braces, or another form of substantial barrier reviewed and approved by the city engineer. (See Appendix A .) (3) The tree protection barrier shall be installed to the limits of the critical root zone or a minimum distance of one and one-half times the radius of the drip line, as measured from the trunk of the protected tree (i.e., if the radius of the drip line is 20 feet, the radius of the tree protection barrier shall be installed at a minimum distance of 30 feet). (4) Any required excavation in or around the protection zone to accommodate underground services, footings, etc. shall be indicated on the plan, and shall be excavated by hand. In addition, related root pruning shall be accomplished via ANSI (American National Standards Institute)A-300-95 standards so as to minimize impact on the general root system. (5) The storage of building materials or stockpiling shall not be permitted within the limits of or against the protection barriers. (6) Trees within the protection barriers must be adequately cared for throughout the construction process (i.e., they must be watered sufficiently, particularly if the tree's root system has been disturbed by excavation.) Fill shall not be placed upon the root system in such a manner as to endanger the health or life of the affected tree. (7) As specified in section 78-512(c)(7), a bond for the amount necessary for the development to meet its minimum caliper inch requirement shall be required prior to the issuance of any permits. The bond shall be held by the city for a period of three years, or upon certification by an ISA(International Society of Arboriculture) certified arborist that the protected tree did not sustain terminal damage during site development. If a protected tree sustains terminal damage during a development project, the developer shall replace the affected tree according to guidelines contained in section 78-510(c). (8) Root and branch pruning, where necessary, shall be accomplished in accordance with standard tree pruning practices, as established by ANSI (American National Standards Institute)A-300-95 standards. Tree topping shall not be permitted.

  20. Typical Code Specs City of Chapel Hill, NC (1) Vegetation that is to be protected on developing land, as indicated on a landscape protection plan, shall be protected by fences or other equally effective measures during construction activity. Such fencing shall be located and erected according to town standards and be located as shown on the landscape protection and site grading plans. All land disturbing activity, storage of equipment, building material, soil and other debris shall be kept within the area of development activity and outside of the protective fencing. (2) Vegetation that is to be retained during right-of-way clearing of single-family or two-family residential subdivisions, as indicated on a landscape protection plan, shall be delineated by high visibility flagging during construction activity. Such flagging shall be located and installed according to town standards and be located as shown on the landscape protection and site grading plans. The use of flagging shall be limited to those specific applications where no rare or specimen trees will be affected by development activity and the town manager determines it to be as effective as protective fencing. (3) Landscaping activities taking place after the removal of protective fencing shall be accomplished with light machinery or hand labor and in accordance with the town's landscaping standards and specifications.

  21. References City of Snellville, GA Zoning Ordinances, Article XXI, Tree Preservation Ordinance City of Chapel Hill, NC, Code of Ordinances, Appendiz A, Article 5.7, Tree Protection. City of Brentwood, TN, Code of Ordinances, Article XIII, Sec. 78-513 http://www.clarkparks.org/projects/cherry.htm http://www.carrborocitizen.com/main/2007/07/05/ http://www.tlcfortrees.info/protecting_trees_duning_construction.htm

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