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ASY-EOS Past and future: PR Milano, 28/04/14

ASY-EOS Past and future: PR Milano, 28/04/14. Symmetry Energy. E sym. E bind (MeV). E Sym (MeV). EOS of symmetric nuclear and neutron matter from Ab initio calculations (red) and phenomenological approaches. Fuchs and Wolter, EPJA 30 (2006). High densities: flows.

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ASY-EOS Past and future: PR Milano, 28/04/14

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  1. ASY-EOS Past and future: PR Milano, 28/04/14

  2. Symmetry Energy Esym Ebind (MeV) ESym (MeV) EOS of symmetric nuclear and neutron matter from Ab initio calculations (red) and phenomenological approaches Fuchs and Wolter, EPJA 30 (2006)

  3. High densities: flows Y = rapidity pt = transverse momentum UrQMD :Au+Au @ 400 AMeV 5.5<b<7.5 fm Transverse flow: provides information on the on the azimuthal anisotropy of the transverse nucleon emission =1.5 Elliptic flow: competition between in plane (V2>0) and out-of-plane ejection (V2<0) =0.5 Qingfeng Li, J. Phys. G31 1359-1374 (2005) P.Russotto et al., Phys. Lett. B 697 (2011)

  4. FOPI/LAND experiment on neutron squeeze out (1991) Au+Au 400 A MeV b< 7.5 fm LAND coverage 37°<lab<53° 61°<lab<85° Neutron/hydrogen FP1: γ = 1.01 ± 0.21 FP2: γ = 0.98 ± 0.35 neutron/proton FP1: γ = 0.99 ± 0.28 FP2: γ = 0.85 ± 0.47 adopted: γ = 0.9 ± 0.4 Y. Leifels et al., PRL 71, 963 (1993) P.Russotto et al., PLB 697 (2011)

  5. Results with Tübingen QMD and UrQMD x =-1.0±1.0 M.D. Cozma et al., Towards a model-independent constraint of the high-density dependence of the symmetry energy, arXiv:1305.5417 [nucl-th] PRC88 044912 (2013)

  6. ASY-EOS S394 experiment @ GSI Darmstadt (May 2011) Au+Au, 96Zr+96Zr , 96Ru+96Ru @ 400 AMev Kracow array: 35 (5x7) triple telescopes (Si-CsI-CsI) placed at 21°<Θ<60° with digital readout .Light particles and IMFs emitted at midrapidity µBall: 4 ringsCsI(Tl), Θ>60°. Discriminate real target vs. air interactionsatbackwardangles. Multiplicitymeasurements. TOFWALL: 96 plastic bars Tof, Energy X-Y position.Trigger, impact parameter and reaction plane determination Krakow array Chimera Beam Line TOFWALL Target µBall Shadow bar: evaluation of background neutrons in LAND Shadow bars Start detector LAND+VETO LAND: Large Area Neutron Detector . Plastic scintillators sandwiched with Fe 2x2x1 m3 plus plastic veto wall. New Taquila front-end electronics. Neutrons and Hydrogen detection. Flow measurements CHIMERA: 8 (2x4) rings, high granularity CsI(Tl), 352 detectors 7°<Θ<20° + 16x2 pads silicon detectors. Light charged particle identification by PSD. Multiplicity, Z, A, Energy measurement , Reaction plane determi-nation

  7. Some kinematics Au+Au @ 400 AMeV * * Random uniform distribution EKin<100 Mev P. Russotto et al., EPJA 50, 38 2014. P. Russotto et al., Procs. of INPC2013, in press on EPJ Web of Conf. P. Russotto et al., Journal of Phys. Conf. Series 420, 012092, (2013)

  8. Background rejection

  9. Centrality selection

  10. Reaction plane orientation Au+Au @ 400 AMeV for Yc.m.>0.1 for Yc.m.<0.1 ad. from P. Danielewicz et al., PLB 1985 J-Y Ollitrault arXiv:nucl-ex/9711003v2 g40_23092013

  11. Preliminary azimuthal distribution from LAND Au+Au @ 400 AMeV b< 7.5 fm preliminary

  12. Au+Au @ 400 AMeV b< 7.5 fm

  13. Au+Au @ 400 AMeV b< 7.5 fm L=70±9

  14. Towards FAIR 132Sn, 106Sn beams

  15. FAIR rates

  16. NeuLAND technical design • finalized in Oct 2011, TDR submitted • total volume 2.5x2.5x3 m3 • 3000 modules (plastic scintilator bars) 250x5x5 cm3 • each bar readout by two PMT • 30 double planes with 100 bars each, bars in neighboring planes • mutually perpendicular • σt ≤ 150 ps • σx,y,z ≤ 1.5 cm • one-neutron efficiency ~95% for energies 200-1000 MeV • multi-neutron detection capability I. Gasparic AsyEOS2012 workshop, 6.9.2012, Siracusa, Italy

  17. NeuLAND technical design The construction of the full detector will take about 3.5 years, and will be done in 3 steps. In the first step (November 2012), we will use a small assembly of 150 bars to determine time and position resolution with neutrons and validate simulation results. The neutrons of energies between 250 and 1500 MeV will be produced by proton knock-out reactions using a deuteron beam.  In the second step, a 20% of detector will be available for physics experiments in the end of 2014 in Cave C at GSI, which will already profit from an improved resolution for neutron detection. The fully-equipedNeuLAND detector will be commissioned and available for the first experiments at Cave C in 2016. In 2017, the detector will move to its final location in the R3B hall at the FAIR site, being fully operational for physics experiments in 2018 when Super-FRS will deliver first beams at FAIR.

  18. Califa CALorimeter for the In Flight detection of γ rays and light charged pArticles CsI(Tl) read by APD with digitalread-out

  19. Califa: CALorimeterfor the In Flight detection of γ rays and light charged pArticles

  20. FOPI forward wall

  21. ASY-EOS future set-up Kratta, Farcos, LAND Califa FopiForwardWall+CHIMERA* NeuLAND * Ring 1-2-3 (θ<7°)

  22. Beams and planning

  23. END

  24. Constraints of the Symmetry Energy B.A. Li NuSym13 summary talk • Terrestrial laboratories • Several constraints (quite consistent among them) around and below 0 • Few constraints above 0 S0 L

  25. N/Z of high density regions sensitive to Esym(ρ) High ρ>ρ0 : asy-stiff more repulsive on neutrons High density symmetry energy in relativistic heavy ion collisions B.A. Li et al., PRC71 (2005) Which densities can be explored in the early stage of the reaction ? stiffness Bao-An Li, NPA 708 (2002)

  26. NLρδ NLρ NL Esym at high density: π-/π+ratio IBUU04 Z. Xiao et al., PRL 102 (09) RMF Ferini, at al., NPA 762 (2005) ImIQMD Z.Q. Feng, PLB 683 (2010) W.J. Xie , at al., PLB 718 (2013) ImIBL

  27. (measured by FOPI, for different systems and energies, as compared to different models) Esym at high density: π-/π+ratio Results model dependent Density dependence of symmetry energy unambiguously soft or hard BUT symmetry energy → n/p ratio, number of nn, np, pp collisions medium → effective masses (N, p, D), cross sections → thresholds → Interpretation of pion data not straight forward 1 1 2 Esym (MeV) 0 1 2 3 r/r0 • Kaons: more sensitive probes? • Higher thresholds • Weakly interacting in medium • Freeze-out already at 20 fm/c See: Z. Xiao et al., PRL 102 (09) IBUU04 Z.Q. Feng, PLB 683 (2010)ImIQMD W.J. Xie , at al., PLB 718 (2013) ImIBL G. Ferini, at al., NPA 762 (2005) RMF

  28. Results with Tübingen QMD Au+Au 400 A MeV b< 7.5 fm stiffnes UrQMD: momentum dep. of isoscalar field momentum dep. of NNECS momentum independent power-law parameterization of the symmetry energy Tübingen-QMD: density dep. of NNECS asymmetry dep. of NNECS soft vs. hard EoS width of wave packets momentum dependent (Gogny inspired) parameterization of the symmetry energy M.D. Cozma, PLB 700, 139 (2011); arXiv:1102.2728 x =-1.35±1.25 M.D. Cozma et al., Towards a model-independent constraint of the high-density dependence of the symmetry energy, arXiv:1305.5417 [nucl-th] PRC88 044912 (2013)

  29. Why 132Sn?

  30. Why 132Sn?

  31. Why 132Sn?

  32. Au+Au @ 400 AMeV b< 7.5 fm L=76±9

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