1 / 13

Concrete and Social Reinforcers

Concrete and Social Reinforcers. By: Katie Kannenberg. A Reinforcer is:. Any consequence that increases the frequency of a particular behavior Ex. Potty training The act of following a particular response with a reinforcer is called reinforcement. Ex. Sucker. Positive Reinforcement.

gilbert
Download Presentation

Concrete and Social Reinforcers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Concrete and Social Reinforcers By: Katie Kannenberg

  2. A Reinforcer is: • Any consequence that increases the frequency of a particular behavior • Ex. Potty training • The act of following a particular response with a reinforcer is called reinforcement. • Ex. Sucker

  3. Positive Reinforcement • Whenever a particular stimulus is presented after a behavior, and the behavior increases as a result, positive reinforcement has occurred. (Operant Conditioning) • Ex. Some students will make a response to get teachers praise, but others may behave to get themselves a scolding.

  4. Be careful what type of attention you give

  5. Concrete Reinforcers • A concrete reinforcer is an actual physical object. • Ex. Toys, Snacks • These are especially effective with young children.

  6. Social Reinforcers • A gesture or sign that one person gives another regarding a recently performed response • Ex. Smile, Hugs, Praise, group work with friends • As teachers, we can use simple social gestures • Ex. Nods of Approval

  7. Activity Reinforcers • An opportunity to engage in a favorite activity • Premack principle • Ex. 3rd graders • Ex. High School students • Ex. At-Risk Students

  8. Negative Reinforcement • Brings about the increase of a behavior through the removal of a stimulus. • Teachers should try not to use negative reinforcement. • The term negative simply refers to the removal of a stimulus. • Ex. A child who acts up in class is removed from the classroom which reinforced his behavior because it enabled him to get out of class.

  9. Punishment • A consequence that decreases the frequency of the response it follows. • All punishment falls into two different categories: Presentation, or Removal

  10. Presentation Punishment • Involves presenting a new stimulus, presumably something that a student finds unpleasant and doesn’t want. • Ex. Spanking, scolding, teacher scowls

  11. Removal Punishment • Involves removing a previously existing stimulus, presumably one that a student finds desirable and does not want to lose. • Ex. Loss of privileges, a fine, or grounding

  12. Remember that: • Positive reinforcement – Increases the response when a new stimulus is presented. • Negative reinforcement – Increases the response when a previously existing stimulus is removed. • Presentation punishment – Response decreases when a new stimulus is presented. • Removal punishment – Response decreases when a previously existing stimulus is removed.

  13. Sources • Ormrod, J. E. (2000). Educational Psychology: Developing Learners (3rd ed.). Ohio: Merrill • http://www.coursework.info/i/632.html

More Related