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Explore the economic landscape of the sport industry, from financial challenges to revenue models. Discover the impact of sport events on local economies and the essential roles of financial managers in sport organizations.
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Chapter 14 C H A P T E R 14 Finance and Economics in the Sport Industry Timothy D. DeSchriver, University of Delaware Daniel F. Mahony, Kent State University
Introduction • Measuring economic size of sport industry • Sport contributes a great deal to economies • Sport industry is not immune to fluctuations in global economy • Unethical and illegal financial behavior • Growth and contraction of the sport industry
Current Financial Situation of U.S. Professional Sport • Growth of segment • Financial problems in segment • Revenue sharing • Media impact and revenue sources • Formula for profitability Profit = Total revenues − Total costs • (In)ability to control spending
Current Financial Situation in U.S. Collegiate Athletics • Rising costs • Most programs fail to cover their costs • Many athletics departments face difficult financial future • Additional emphasis on the need to increase revenues • Largest single source of revenue in collegiate athletics
Economics of Sport • Scarcity • Economic interaction • Two areas of study • Macroeconomics • Microeconomics
Microeconomics and the Sport Industry • Economic models explain behavior of producers and consumers • Models describe how markets operate • Supply–demand model • Demand and law of demand • Supply and law of supply • Market equilibrium • Market surplus and shortage
Economic Impact of Sport Events and Facilities • Sport events bring a substantial amount of economic activity • Spending stimulates local economies • Sport economic impact studies • Estimates of the change in net economic activity in a community • Measure the increase in revenues, tax dollars, and jobs attributable to a sport event or facility (continued)
Economic Impact of Sport Events and Facilities (continued) • Sport economic impact studies • Conducted by researchers • Disagreements and manipulations • Readers should ask these questions: • Who conducted the research? • How was the research conducted?
Overview of Financial Management • Financial management falls into two areas • What to do with current financial resources • How to procure additional financial resources • Financial manager must choose the method for distributing the money • Key roles of the financial manager
Financial Statements • Balance sheet • Income statement • Revenues • Expenses
Sources of Revenues and Expenses for Sport Organizations • Various revenues and expenses depending on the types of sport organizations • Geared toward sport participation • Seeking to make a profit • Focused on sport spectators
Sources of Revenues Unique in the Sport Industry • Game attendance and ancillary purchases • Media rights • Sponsorships and endorsements • Licensed merchandise
Sources of Expenses Unique in the Sport Industry • Cost of sport facilities • Cost of salaries
Careers in Financial Management for Sport Organizations • Financial management jobs in the past • Jobs today require sophisticated financial management skills • Positions in financial operations • Financial consulting firms and professionals • Future employees need to understand skills and education required
Practical Application • Critical thinking in sport finance and economics • Analyzing options, motives, and markets • Compensation of professional athletes • Ethics in sport finance and economics • Madoff, Stanford, and Spano cases • Sport agent representation
Three Review Questions • What does the phrase economic impact mean and how can it be used in sport? • What are the different types of business structures in the sport industry? • What are the major sources of revenues and expenses in the sport industry?