Question of the Day DEC 3

1. Question of the Day DEC 3 • Evidence can be collected due to its relationship to a • A. Suspect • B. Victim • C. Witness • D. All of the above

2. DO NOW DEC 3 • A man wanted for a string of identity thefts recently stole credit card information from customers at a popular restaurant in a busy downtown section of New York City. He was seen eating dinner and speaking with other patrons by two witnesses. He left the restaurant at approximately 10 PM by a parking valet. • List different pieces of evidence you would attempt to collect from the scenario.

3. DO NOW ANSWERED DEC 3 • Possibly the suspect’s saliva, DNA • Suspect’s fingerprints • Suspect’s description/physical characteristics • Type of automobile driven by suspect • Security camera/traffic camera information • Testimony of witnesses • Personal information of suspect – type of work, address – from conversation within restaurant

4. Forensics Applications • Can you identify this individual? • How is Forensics connected to this individual?

5. Forensics Applications • Paul Walker was killed in an automobile crash on Saturday Nov 30. • The car he was driving in was involved in a high speed crash and an explosion followed. • Both he and the driver of the car, Roger Rodus, were incinerated as a result of the crash. • How will the bodies be identified?

6. AGENDA DEC 3 • Big Question: How does forensics assist in the collection and examination of evidence? • 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW • 2. Start of TRIMESTER 2 • TRIMESTER 1 GRADES • 3. Jack the Ripper Part VII • 4. Finish CSI: Skeleton on the Bus Video • Answer Question Set • 5. Begin Chapter 3 Physical Evidence • 6. Review and Homework

7. Question of the Day DEC 5 • Contamination and destruction of evidence can occur due to • A. the mishandling of a body by law enforcement personnel • B. leaving a body exposed to environmental conditions • C. failure to perform a thorough autopsy • D. improper labeling of evidence bags

8. DO NOW DEC 5 • A body has been discovered by police. A witness has stepped forward to report an incident of murder. The witness lives next door to the accused individual. She recalls seeing the victim enter the home of the accused. The incident involved a violent physical attack on a relative of the accused man. The local police department has dispatched officers to the scene of the crime. • As an evidence collection specialist, you have been called to the alleged crime scene. • What types of evidence would you be looking for? • Make associations to the victim and the type of crime committed.

9. DO NOW ANSWERED DEC 5 • Look for anything out of the ordinary at the crime scene. • A newly cleaned carpet or missing furniture. • Search for a murder weapon. • Match the wounds on the victim to a possible weapon. • Search for blood spatter and other types of biological evidence. • Check the walls, floors, and ceiling. • Look for hair and fiber samples on the furnishings of the home. • Match samples found to the victim’s clothing.

10. AGENDA DEC 5 • Big Question: How does forensics assist in the collection and examination of evidence? • 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW • 2. Jack the Ripper Part VII • 3. Finish CSI: Skeleton on the Bus Video • Answer Question Set • 4. Begin Chapter 3 Physical Evidence • 5. Review and Homework

11. Diary of Jack the Ripper Part VII • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ik81U330jiw

12. Question of the Day DEC 9 • The statute of limitations in New Jersey involving violent crimes is dependent upon which of the following… • A. the age of the victim • B. the specific crime a suspect has been charged with • C. the type of evidence available • D. the arrest record of the suspect

13. DO NOW DEC 9 • Diary of Jack the Ripper Part VIII • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVakr9l0QDc

14. AGENDA DEC 9 • Big Question: How does forensics assist in the collection and examination of evidence? • 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW • 2. Jack the Ripper Part VIII • 3. Begin Chapter 3 Physical Evidence • 4. Review and Homework

15. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE CHAPTER 3

16. Statute of Limitations • Laws that set time limits on how long you have to file a "civil" lawsuit, like a personal injury lawsuit, or how long the state has to prosecute someone for committing a crime. • Time limits usually depend on the legal claim or crime involved in the case. • Vary from state to state

17. Statute of Limitations Vary in Civil or Criminal Cases • CIVIL Assault/Battery 2 YEARS False Imprisonment 2 YEARS Personal Injury 2 Years • CRIMINAL • Assault 1 or 5 Years • Rape NO TIME LIMIT • Manslaughter/ Murder NO TIME LIMIT • Kidnapping • 5 years

18. Statute of Limitations for Sexual Offenses in New Jersey • Time starts to run on the day after the offense is committed, except that when the prosecution is supported by physical evidence that identifies the actor by means of DNA testing or fingerprint analysis. • Time does not start to run until the State is in possession of both the physical evidence and the DNA or fingerprint evidence necessary to establish the identification of the actor by means of comparison to the physical evidence. • What does this statement mean?

19. Identifying Evidence • Every crime scene needs to be treated on an individual basis. • Certain types of evidence are likely to yield significant results in ascertaining the nature and circumstances of a crime. • Responsibility of the investigator to be familiar with • Recognition, collection, and analysis of items • Laboratory procedures and capabilities

20. Physical Evidence • Valuable evidence can sometimes be overlooked at a crime scene. • Collected evidence can also be left on an evidence room shelf having never been fully examined or processed. • Regulations apply to the admissibility of evidence after an established period of time from the original date of a reported crime. • Generally begins at time/date a crime has been reported • Official police inquiry/investigation

21. Question of the Day DEC 11 • Which of the following is not the responsibility of an investigator when collecting evidence? • A. Collection of evidence from a crime scene • B. Interpretation of criminal law as related to a trial • C. Knowledge of analytical techniques for the purpose of processing evidence • D. Limitations of forensics special services

22. Identifying Evidence • Investigator must be able to • Make logical decisions • Process the uncommon and unexpected • Qualified evidence collectors must also be able to make innovative and on-the-spot decisions at the crime scene. • Memorizing a standardized set of procedures is not enough • Useful to the investigation • Always within the clear definitions of the law

23. DO NOW DEC 11 • Begin Casey Anthony Investigative CASE STUDY • Read Casey Anthony Trial Summary. • Highlight points of interest about the case. • FOCUS ON • the Key pieces of evidence • Arguments of prosecution and defense When you have finished the article, write down the most important event you have read about that has affected the outcome of the trial? This is your opinion but JUSTIFY your answer.

24. AGENDA DEC 11 • BIG Question: How does a forensic scientist collect and examine evidence for use in a criminal investigation? • 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW • 2. Jack the Ripper Writing Response • 3. Casey Anthony Case Study • 4. Physical Evidence Lab Investigation • 5. EXIT PASS and Homework • Physical Evidence Lab Packet and Questions

25. Overlooked and Missing Evidence • Family’s home computer — with Casey Anthony’s password — used to Google search for “fool-proof suffication” on June 16, 2008. • Google automatically corrected the misspelled “suffication” and linked pages describing ways to die by poisoning and suffocation.

26. Physical Evidence • Any objects that can establish a crime has been committed. • Evidence can provide a link between a crime, the victim, and the perpetrator.

27. Common Types of Physical Evidence • Blood, semen, and saliva – can be dried or in a liquid state, human or animal. • Subjected to biochemical and serological analysis to determine identity and possible origin • Documents – any handwriting or typewriting submitted to confirm the authenticity or source • Paper, ink, processed • Drugs – any substance seized in violation of laws regulating the sale, distribution, manufacture, and use of drugs

28. Physical Evidence • Explosives – any device containing an explosive charge • Includes any object at or removed from the scene of an explosion • Suspected to contain residue from an explosion or use as a detonation device • Fibers – any natural or synthetic fiber whose transfer may be useful in establishing a relationship between object or persons • Cotton, silk, nylon, spandex, kevlar, as well as glass and metallic fibers • Fingerprints – all prints of this nature both visible and latent

29. Physical Evidence • Firearms and Ammunition – any firearm as well as discharged or intact ammunition suspected of being involved in a criminal offense • Spent casings and recovered bullets or “slugs” • Glass – any particle or fragment that may have been transferred to a person or object involved in a crime. • Includes windows/panes of glass containing holes made by bullets or other projectiles • Hair – any animal or human hair present that can link a person to a crime

30. Physical Evidence • Impressions – tire markings, shoes prints, depressions in soft soil/sand, and all other forms of tracts. • Gloves, fabric impressions, and bite marks in skin, foodstuffs, and other objects. • Organs and physiological fluids – body organs and fluids are submitted to toxicology to detect possible existence of drugs and poisons as well as blood to be analyzed for alcohol/drug content. • Urine, vomit, bile • Paint – any liquid or dried paint that may have been transferred from one object to another during the act of a crime • Transfer of paint from one vehicle to another in a car accident

31. DO NOW DEC 11 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilGKjbpMxYE

32. Overlooked and Missing Evidence • Anthony’s daughter Caylee was last seen on June 16, 2008 before her body was found on Dec. 11, 2008. A jury acquitted Casey Anthony of murder on July 5, 2011. • Trial prosecutor Jeff Ashton said proof of the web search could have been a crucial weapon. The defense had claimed Caylee accidentally drowned and Casey Anthony’s dad George Anthony ditched the body. • Defense attorney Jose Baez already has a rebuttal ready if the computer search was brought to trial. • Would have argued that George Anthony was trying to search for ways to commit suicide.

33. Casey Anthony Trial • http://abcnews.go.com/US/casey_anthony_trial/casey-anthony-trial-defense-claims-caylee-anthony-drowned/story?id=13674375 • Forensics in the Casey Anthony Investigation • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/criminal-justice/real-csi/casey-anthony-trial-lawyers-speak-out-about-the-cases-controversial-forensics/

34. Physical Evidence • Petroleum products – any product removed from a suspect or recovered from a crime scene. • Gasoline residues or grease and oil stains • Plastic bags – polyethylene disposable bags such as garbage or shopping bags. • Examined/chemically analyzed to associate a bag to similar bags at a crime scene or possessed by a suspect. • Plastic, rubber, polymers – remnants or residues of man-made materials may be linked to objects relevant to a crime scene or suspect.

35. Physical Evidence • Powder residues – any item suspected of containing firearm powder residues. • Serial numbers – stolen property submitted for the restoration of damaged/erased ID numbers • Soil and minerals – any object that could link a person to a particular location • Tool marks – impression marks found in an object caused by a “tool”.

36. Physical Evidence • Vehicle Lights – examination of a vehicle’s headlights and taillights to determine their use at the time of an accident/impact. • Wood and other vegetative matter – wood, sawdust, or vegetative matter discovered on clothing, shoes, or tools that could link a suspect to a crime location.

37. Descriptions of Evidence • 1. Physical – A physical object or something residing on a physical object. • 2. Personal – A description or account of what has been seen or heard. • May no longer exist • 3. Circumstantial – Evidence that requires an inference (conclusion based on evidence). • Indirect evidence that implies something has occurred • Does not prove it • Leads to/connects other facts/circumstances together

38. Examples of Circumstantial Evidence • Woman accused of embezzling money from her company. • Makes big ticket purchases in cash around the time the money was taken. • Wife is suing her husband for divorce claiming he has had an affair. • Another woman’s fingerprints are found in their bedroom. • Does not prove the affair but could be implied because she has no other logical reason to be in the bedroom.

39. Significance of Physical Evidence • Identify or compare the evidence. • Identification – process of determining an object/substance’s physical or chemical identity. • Near absolute certainty as analytical techniques permit • Requires testing procedures • Sufficient tests to exclude all other possibilities Problems – each type of evidence requires different tests Each test has a degree of specificity 1 test versus 5 tests to ensure accuracy