A MODEL OF CHANGE FOR THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

1. A MODEL OF CHANGE FOR THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

2. IDENTIFY: GOALS TO BE ACHIEVED ACTION TO BE TAKEN PARTNERS

3. WHAT IS THE GOAL? TO REDUCE POVERTY THROUGH DECENT WORK FOR ALL

4. RIGHTS EMPLOYMENT DECENT WORK SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL DIALOGUE

5. HOW TO ACHIEVE THE GOAL? BY MOVING WOMEN AND MEN UP THE CONTINUUM TO DECENT WORK

6. WITH WHOM? ILO WITH: EMPLOYERS AND THEIR ORGANIZATIONS GOVERNMENTS WORKERS’ ORGANIZATIONS OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS THEIR ALLIANCES WITH CIVIL SOCIETY

7. WHAT ACTION NEEDS TO BE TAKEN ON THE INFORMAL ECONOMY TO REDUCE POVERTY? MOVE INTO FORMALITY PREVENT A SLIDE INTO INFORMALITY ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

8. ADDRESSING NEEDS OF THOSE IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

9. ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY BY INCLUDING EMPLOYMENT COMPONENTS IN POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES

10. ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY BY EXTENDING REPRESENTATION TO WORKERS AND OPERATORS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

11. ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY BY RECOGNIZING THE DIVERSITY AND DIFFERENT NEEDS OF THOSE IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY WORKERS WOMEN MEN MICRO ENTERPRISES PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES ETHNIC GROUPS

12. ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY BY ENSURING MORE AND HIGHER INCOMES THROUGH BETTER COMPETENCIES FOR EMPLOYABILITY

13. ADDRESS NEEDS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY ASSURING BETTER CONDITIONS OF WORK BY: ELIMINATING CHILD LABOUR AVOIDING GENDER, RACE, ETHNIC, HIV/AIDS DISCRIMINATION IMPROVING HEALTH AND SAFETY AVOIDING CORRUPTION AND HARASSMENT

14. In Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) solid waste management, through public-private partnerships, improved urban conditions and created jobs for women and men. Waste enterprises gradually involved women in leadership positions. Recycling is done through community-based organizations. Although child labour and safety and health issues still are of concern,the situation has been improving. “Employment Creation in Municipal Services delivery in Eastern Africa: Improving Living Conditions and providing Jobs for the Poor” DfID-funded ILO project

15. AVOIDING GENDER, RACE AND ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY In Brazil, the 13 October 2003, an Inter-Ministerial Protocol of Intent was signed by 10 Ministries and the ILO to achieve institutional strengthening for the implementation of a programme on gender and race equality, the erradication of poverty and the generation of decent work. This is a concrete example of joint activities in combating discrimination “Policy for poverty erradication, employment creation and promotion of gender equality targeted towards the informal economy in Latin America” (DfID funded ILO project)

16. MOVE INTO FORMALITY

17. MOVE INTO FORMALITY CREATING GOOD INCENTIVES FOR FORMALITY EFFECTIVE SOCIAL PROTECTION, SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS PUBLIC POLICIES DELIVERING QUALITY SERVICES IN RETURN FOR TAXES MARKET ACCESS LINKED TO FORMALITY

18. MOVE INTO FORMALITY ADAPTING AND ENFORCING REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS RIGHTS AND STANDARDS HEALTH AND SAFETY EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT OF APPROPRIATE LAWS

19. MOVE INTO FORMALITY STRENGTHENING MINISTRIES OF LABOUR INSPECTION LINKS TO OTHER MINISTRIES USE OF SOUND STATISTICAL DATA

20. In 2004 several high-level officials from Ministries of Labour from Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended Training on Youth Empowerment in the Informal Economy through the activities of a DfID-funded project carried out by the ILO Sub-regional office in Moscow “Reducing Poverty by promoting employment of youth and other vulnerable groups in the Informal Economy of Central Asia and Caucasus” DfID-funded ILO project

21. MOVE INTO FORMALITY ENCOURAGING ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING REWARDING CREATIVITY ACCESS TO CREDIT

22. MOVE INTO FORMALITY ACCESS TO MARKETS AND TECHNOLOGY RISE IN PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES NETWORKING

23. A project in Asia focused on the development of a supply chain for informal economy workers and operators through association building in the vegetable production sector (Cambodia) and handicraft design and marketing (Thailand). The participants in Thailand gained access to local and international markets while those in Cambodiaintegrated into the tourism sector, both enhancing their capacities and productivity “Informal economy, poverty and employment: An integrated approach” ILO Subregional Office Bangkok DfID-funded ILO project

24. MOVE INTO FORMALITY ENHANCING OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEMS ADAPTABILITY TO LABOUR MARKET NEEDS COMPETENCIES CERTIFICATION FOR WORKERS IN INFORMAL AND FORMAL ECONOMY

25. PREVENT A SLIDE INTO INFORMALITY

26. PREVENT A SLIDE INTO INFORMALITY GROWTH WITH EQUITY STABLE MACRO ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICIES POLICY COHERENCE CREATING MORE JOB OPPORTUNITIES

27. PREVENT A SLIDE INTO INFORMALITY LABOUR POLICIES ON THE ECONOMIC AGENDA EMPLOYMENT-CENTRED POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES SOCIAL DIALOGUE

28. PREVENT A SLIDE INTO INFORMALITY GOOD GOVERNANCE AT THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS RULE OF LAW AND RIGHTS PROTECTION OF PROPERTY RIGHTS NO CORRUPTION SOUND FISCAL POLICIES SOCIAL DIALOGUE BETTER STATISTICS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

29. THE INFORMAL ECONOMY: • IS A CONTINUUM WITH PEOPLE MOVING IN AND OUT • INTERACTS WITH THE FORMAL ECONOMY • IS DIVERSE: FROM ENTREPRENEURIAL CREATIVITY TO BARE SUBSISTENCE • IS NOT A CHOICE FOR THE MAJORITY • IS AT THE HEART OF POVERTY BUT NOT ALL IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY ARE POOR

30. THE INFORMAL ECONOMY: • IS A GOVERNANCE ISSUE • IS A RIGHTS ISSUE, SINCE ITS WORKERS AND OPERATORS LACK SOCIAL PROTECTION AND REPRESENTATION • SERVES AS A SOURCE OF BUSINESS START-UPS AND TRAINING • BUT CAN INVOLVE UNFAIR COMPETITION

31. STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK to reduce decent work deficits in the informal economy - follow-up to the 2002 ILC conclusions - OPERATIONALIZATION using the decent work agenda Themes to promote integrated work Governance Macro policies Representation/Voice Productivity and Market Enhancement Addressing Vulnerabilities Knowledge development Advocacy Action at international national and local levels GENDER POVERTY ACTION BY TRIPARTITE CONSTITUENTS, INTER-GOVERNAMENTAL ORGANISATIONS

32. THE MODEL OF CHANGE: • IS A TOOL TO BE ENRICHED BY ALL • IS A WAY OF DISENTANGLING A COMPLEX CONCEPT • GIVES A ROAD MAP • NEEDS YOUR IDEAS TO DEVELOP FURTHER

34. POVERTY IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMYCAN BE REDUCEDTHROUGH DECENT WORK