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Driving Innovation in the New Energy Era Rich Housh President & CEO Juice Technologies, LLC. World’s Fastest Electric Car…. Buckeye Bullet 314.958 mph US Land Speed Record (over 5 miles) 271.737 mph International Land Speed Record (flying kilometer). The Center for Automotive Research.
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Driving Innovation in the New Energy Era Rich Housh President & CEO Juice Technologies, LLC
World’s Fastest Electric Car… Buckeye Bullet • 314.958 mph US Land Speed Record (over 5 miles) • 271.737 mph International Land Speed Record (flying kilometer)
The Center for Automotive Research 10+ Years of Advanced Battery Research • Battery Characterization • Battery models (cell and packs) • Pack Balancing • Battery Aging • Diagnostics and prognostics • Lab testing and reliability • In-vehicle testing and evaluation • SoC in-vehicle estimation and control • Material characterization of aged cells
Vehicle Density and Use Vehicle Density How people go to work (US data) Source: OECD/IEA (2006) “A third of humanity doesn't want to ride bikes anymore; that has profound geopolitical implications.” - Anne Korin, the co-director of the Institute for the Analysis of Global Security (May 1, 2005) 5
Future Fuels: Petroleum?? World oil production (EIA Monthly) for crude oil + NGL. The median forecast is calculated from 13 models that are predicting a peak before 2020 (Bakhtiari, Smith, Staniford, Loglets, Shock model, GBM, ASPO, Robelius Low/High, HSM). 95% of the predictions sees a production peak between 2008 and 2010 at 77.5 - 85.0 mbpd (The 95% confidence interval is computed using a bootstrap technique) 6
PHEV/V2G Can Increase Grid Efficiency U.S. Energy Flow Trends in 2005 (units in quadrillion Btus) The overall energy conversion efficiency in the electric power sector is quite low (around 31%). Part of the reason for such low efficiency is the difference between peak and off-peak operation, due mostly to much lower demand at night. The contribution of fuels derived from biomass which includes wood, waste, alcohol, geothermal, solar, and wind to the transportation sector is virtually negligible. Energy used for transportation shows the worst overall energy efficiency (around 20%). Approximately 62% of the petroleum used in the U.S. is imported, and it is used almost exclusively for transportation. Source: International Energy Agency, 2007 7
Using Existing Infrastructure and Renewable Energy.. Only practical vehicles that can be charged from renewable energy. No need for large new energy supply infrastructure: use existing infrastructure. • Additional substantial public benefits: • more rapid introduction of zero-pollution vehicles • increased reliability of the electric system • lowered costs • higher proportions of renewable electricity in the future 8
Meeting Customer Expectations and Environmental Sustainability • PHEVs have gained interest over the past decade due to their high fuel economy, convenient low-cost recharging capabilities, reduced use of petroleum, and contribution to energy security goal of “Twenty in Ten” • PHEVs have been suggested as a technology to improve the reliability and power quality of the electric grid and to ameliorate utility emissions. 9
Smart Charging Requirements Communication • Access, Authentication, Authorization • Vehicle: Vehicle Identification, Odometer • Grid: secure communications (PLC, Internet, Zigbee, etc.)
Smart Charging Requirements Submeter • Dedicated revenue grade/quality • Charge away from home • Reconciliation from premise meter
Smart Charging Requirements Switching • Turn charging on/off • Off peak charging
High Level PHEV Communication Requirements • Supports secure two-way communication with the Utility • Supports time- or price-based charging preferences based on current electric rate/tier • Supports vehicle charging at any voltage • Supports vehicle roaming and unified billing infrastructure • Support customer override/opt-outs • PEV-to-Utility communications based on open standard SAE - Communication Task Force
Smart Charging Applications • Cordset • Level 1 charging • Travels with the car • Stationary Charging Device • Level 2 & 3 charging • At home or public locations • Vehicle
~ 3 PLASMA TVs and SET TOP BOXES CHEVY VOLTExtended Range Electric Vehicle PLASMA TV Annual Energy 623 kWh SET TOP BOX Annual Energy Consumption = 2,500 kWh Annual Energy 263 kWh Annual Energy Consumption = 865 kWh How Much Load is a 40 Mile Range EREV Complements of EPRI