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HIV 201

HIV 201. Disease Progression. Acronyms. Grab Bag . Transmission. Treatment. $100. $100. $100. $ 100. $100. $200. $200. $200. $200. $200. $300. $300. $300. $300. $300. $400. $400. $400. $400. $400. $500. $500. $500. $500. $500. FINAL ROUND. Acronyms: $100 Question.

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HIV 201

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  1. HIV 201 Disease Progression Acronyms Grab Bag Transmission Treatment $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

  2. Acronyms: $100 Question • What does H.I.V. stand for? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  3. Acronyms: $100 Answer • What does H.I.V. stand for? • Human Immunodeficiency Virus BACK TO GAME

  4. Acronyms: $200 Question • What does A.I.D.S. stand for? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  5. Acronyms: $200 Answer • What does A.I.D.S stand for? • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome BACK TO GAME

  6. Acronyms: $300 Question • What does H.A.A.R.T. stand for? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  7. Acronyms: $300 Answer • What does H.A.A.R.T. stand for? • Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy • Due to rapid reproduction of virus, resistance occurs easily. Attacking multiple parts of the virus life cycle with several medications reduces this risk. BACK TO GAME

  8. Acronyms: $400 Question • What is A.D.A.P. and Ryan White Title III and what services do they provide? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  9. Acronyms: $400 Answer • What is A.D.A.P. and Ryan White Title III and what services do they provide? • AIDS Drug Assistance Program pays for HIV-related medication for individuals without insurance. Meds are distributed through Avella Specialty Pharmacy and can be delivered or sent to clients. • Ryan White funding helps client with HIV associated doctor visits and labs. (Not an insurance.) BACK TO GAME

  10. Acronyms: $500 Question • What is Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (P.E.P.) and what is Pre-Exposure Prophlaxis (Pr.E.P.)? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  11. Acronyms: $500 Answer • What is P.E.P. and what is Pr.E.P.? • Post-exposure Prophylaxis: treatment after known or suspected exposure (e.g. occupational such as needle sticks) to HIV, hepatitis or other blood-borne pathogens. • Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis is currently under study and attempts to reduce transmission in populations at risk for HIV through daily antiretroviral therapy prior to exposure. BACK TO GAME

  12. Transmission: $100 Question • In which 4 body fluids is HIV transmitted? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  13. Transmission: $100 Answer • In which 4 body fluids is HIV transmitted? • 1. Semen • 2. Blood • 3. Vaginal Secretions • 4. Breast Milk BACK TO GAME

  14. Transmission: $200 Question • Name 3 ways HIV transmitted. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  15. Transmission: $200 Answer • Name 3 routes of transmission of HIV. • 1. Exposure to blood • 2. Sexual contact (exposure to body fluids) • 3. Vertical Transmission (mom to infant) • 4. Breastfeeding BACK TO GAME

  16. Transmission: $300 Question • Name 1 factor that might increase the risk of HIV transmission during oral sex. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  17. Transmission: $300 Answer Name 1 factor that might increase the risk of HIV transmission during oral sex. • 1. Cuts or sores in mouth • 2. Ejaculation into mouth • 3. Recipient has other sexually transmitted infections BACK TO GAME

  18. Transmission: $400 Question • What is “superinfection”? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  19. Transmission: $400 Answer • What is “superinfection”? • 1. Superinfection may occur if an HIV+ individual contracts the strain of another HIV+ person (seroconcordant). • 2. New strain may present new resistance patterns and quicken progression of disease. BACK TO GAME

  20. Transmission: $500 Question • Do all HIV+ moms give birth to HIV+ babies? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  21. Transmission: $500 Answer • Do all HIV+ moms give birth to HIV+ babies? • No. There is a 1 in 4 chance, that is reduced to: • 1 in 12 chance, if: mom takes antiretrovirals • Less than 1 in 50 chance, if: mom takes antiretrovirals during pregnancy/labor/delivery, has baby by Caesarean section, and doesn’t breastfeed • ***Infant may test “positive” for antibodies at birth as mom normally transfers antibodies during pregnancy. BACK TO GAME

  22. Disease Progression: $100 Question • What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  23. Disease Progression: $100 Answer What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? AIDS is an advanced HIV disease state defined by certain conditions at which a number of illnesses are more likely to occur. Once an AIDS diagnosis is given, it is permanent whether or not the immune system recovers. BACK TO GAME

  24. Disease Progression: $200 Question • What are the 2 main laboratory tests medical providers use to monitor HIV disease progression? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  25. Disease Progression: $200 Answer • What are the 2 main laboratory tests medical providers use to monitor HIV disease progression? • CD4 count • and • HIV viral load BACK TO GAME

  26. Disease Progression: $300 Question • What is the CD4 laboratory definition of AIDS? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  27. Disease Progression: $300 Answer • What is the CD4 laboratory definition of AIDS? • CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 BACK TO GAME

  28. Disease Progression: $400 Question • What is the current definition of “undetectable” in copies/ml by most labs using an ultra-sensitive test? • a. < 2 • b. < 16 • c. < 48 • d. < 75 • e. < 98 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  29. Disease Progression: $400 Answer • What is the current definition of “undetectable” in copies/ml by most labs using an ultra-sensitive test? • a. < 2 • b. < 16 • c. < 48 • e. < 75 • e. < 98 BACK TO GAME

  30. Disease Progression: $500 Question • Name an opportunistic infection. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  31. Disease Progression: $500 Answer • Name an opportunistic infection. Candidiasis (thrush) Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) Cryptococcus Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis C Virus Herpes simplex virus-Severe Herpes zoster Histoplasmois Malaria Mycobacterium avium complex Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pneumocystis pneumonia Toxoplasmosis Tuberculosis Urinary Tract Infection-Recurrent BACK TO GAME

  32. Treatment:$100 Question • What percentage of the time are clients expected to take their medications in order to prevent drug-resistance? • a. 55 % • b. 65 % • c. 85 % • d. 95 % ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  33. Treatment:$100 Answer • What percentage of the time are clients expected to take their medications in order to prevent drug-resistance? • a. 55 % • b. 65 % • c. 85 % • d. 95 % BACK TO GAME

  34. Treatment: $200 Question • Normal T cell count is 500-1500 cells/mm3. At what T cell count is antiretroviral most commonly started? • a. 200 • b. 500 • c. 750 • d. as soon as possible ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  35. Treatment: $200 Answer • Normal T cell count is 500-1500 cells/mm3. At what T cell count is antiretroviral most commonly started? • a. 200 • b. 500 • c. 750 • d. as soon as possible after infection (under most circumstances, assuming people are willing and able to take the medications) BACK TO GAME

  36. Treatment: $300 Question • Why would someone with HIV need to take a daily antibiotic if they have a low T cell count? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  37. Treatment: $300 Answer Why would someone with HIV need to take a daily antibiotic if they have a low T cell count? To prevent opportunistic infections. Bactrim/Septra (PCP) CD4 < 200 • pyramethadine (Toxoplasmosis) CD4 < 100 • azithromycin, clarithromycin (MAC) CD4 < 50 • acyclovir (HSV, HZV) • isoniazid (TB) • fluconazole (cocci) • gangciclovir (CMV) BACK TO GAME

  38. Treatment: $400 Question • What is the life expectancy of someone with HIV? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  39. Treatment: $400 Answer • What is the life expectancy of someone with HIV? • New studies show that life expectancy can be close to normal if: the person is on antiretroviral therapy, the person has a low viral load and CD4 counts above 350, the person is not co-infected with viral hepatitis and is not an injecting drug user. BACK TO GAME

  40. Treatment:$500 Question • Name 2 complimentary/alternative treatments that are common in HIV positive patients. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  41. Treatment:$500 Answer • Name 2 complimentary/alternative treatments that are common in HIV positive patients. • 1. Traditional healing: ayurveda, Chinese acupuncture, Native American healing. • 2. Chiropractic, massage, or yoga. • 3. Homeopathy and herbs. • 4. Energy work such as reiki. • 5. Dietary supplements: vitamins and minerals. BACK TO GAME

  42. Grab Bag:$100 Question • Name a common type of test for HIV. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  43. Grab Bag: $100 Answer • Name a common type of test for HIV. 1. Rapid test for antibodies • 2. ELISA blood-draw test for antibodies (confirmatory) • 3. Direct blood test for the virus through PCR BACK TO GAME

  44. Grab Bag: $200 Question • In general, how often should most patients have labs done and be seen by the HIV specialist? • a. 2-3 months • b. 3-6 months • c. 6-12 months • d. once a year ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  45. Grab Bag: $200 Answer • In general, how often should most patients have labs done and be seen by the HIV specialist? • a. 2-3 months • b. 3-6 months • c. 6-12 months • d. once a year BACK TO GAME

  46. Grab Bag: $300 Question • Describe at least 2 parts of the HIV virus life cycle. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  47. Grab Bag: $300 Answer • Describe at least 2 parts of the HIV virus life cycle. • 1. Attachment to CD4 cell. • 2. Reverse Transcriptase converts RNA to DNA. • 3. Viral DNA integrated into host DNA. • 4. Host nucleus produces viral RNA. • 5. Viral components repackaged. • 6. Virus released. BACK TO GAME

  48. Grab Bag: $400 Question • What are 2 life issues that predict poor adherence and two that predict positive adherence? ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  49. Poor Substance abuse Work outside home Depression Lack of perceived med efficacy Lack of advanced disease Concern over side effects Regimen complexity Positive Once/Twice daily regimen Belief in ability to adhere Not living alone/Sig Other Hx of opportunistic infection or advance HIV disease Belief in efficacy of HAART Belief that non-adherence leads to viral resistance What are 2 life issues that predict poor adherence and two that predict positive adherence? Grab Bag: $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

  50. Grab Bag: $500 Question • Name 3 side effects of antiretroviral medications. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

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