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Healthy Students and Childhood Obesity

Healthy Students and Childhood Obesity. By Jesse Steffen and Karla Conrad. What are they eating?. What should they be eating?. On average middle school aged children should intake about 1500-1800 calories. 30% from fat (about 495)

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Healthy Students and Childhood Obesity

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  1. Healthy Students and Childhood Obesity By Jesse Steffen and Karla Conrad

  2. What are they eating?

  3. What should they be eating? • On average middle school aged children should intake about 1500-1800 calories. • 30% from fat (about 495) • Increase as the children are more physically active or are going through a growth spurt.

  4. 476 calories/203 from fat • 331 calories / 131 from fat • 420 calories / 170 from fat

  5. 273 calories / 176 from fat • 273 calories/ 116 from fat

  6. Essential needs for growing bodies • Carbohydrates: Five or more servings per day • 1 cup of potatoes, pasta, or rice; 2 slices whole grain bread, ¾ cup dry cereal, ¾ muffin or bagel. • Fruits: Two to three servings per day • 1 cup canned fruit, 1 piece fresh fruit, ½ cup juice. • Protein: Three or more servings per day • 2 to 3 ounces meat, fish, or poultry; 1 egg; ½ cup cottage or ricotta cheese; 1 to 2 ounces of other types of cheese; ½ cup cooked dried beans or legumes; 3 tablespoons peanut butter. • Vegetables: Two to three servings of cooked or raw vegetables per day • ½ cup of vegetables.

  7. Nutrient Requirements of Schools • Schools are now provided with these nutritional needs. • They must provide one‐third of the protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, iron, calcium, and calories each day.

  8. Overweight and Obesity • Overweight and obesity = ranges of weight that are greater than what is generally considered healthy for a given height • Childhood obesity = imbalance of food taken in and food used • BMI: Body Mass Index • = weight/ (height X height) X 703 • Child and Teen BMI Calculator

  9. Using BMI in schools • 2005 Federal Government had to create a program for schools to calculate their students’ BMI • Used to evaluate the effectiveness of health and nutrition programs

  10. Statistics • Estimated 17 percent of children and adolescents ages 2-19 years are obese

  11. Growing obesity • Between 1976-1980 and 2007-2008 obesity increased from 6.5 to 19.6% among 6-11 year olds.  Among adolescents aged 12-19, obesity increased from 5 to 18.1% during the same period • Average weight for a 10 yr old boy in 1963 was 74 lbs by 2002 the ave. weight was nearly 85 lbs. For girls it went from 77 to 88.

  12. Contributing Factors • Behavioral Factors • Energy intake: • large portion sizes, eating meals away from home, frequent beverages • Sedentary behavior • On average kids spend 5 ½ hours watching tv. • Teens spend on average 6 hrs a day on media driven sedentary activities.

  13. Contributing factors • Physical activity • Only 10% of schools offer daily physical education classes, and many of those don’t meet the time requirements of weekly exercise. • Daily participation in school physical education among adolescents dropped 14 percentage points over the last 13 years — from 42% in 1991 to 28% in 2003 • As of 2006 1/3 of 15 yrs olds got the min amount of required physical activity during the week, and on weekends it dropped to just 17%.

  14. Contributing factors • Genetic Factors • Environmental Factors • Within the home • Within child care • Almost 80% of children aged 5 years and younger with working mothers are in child care for 40 hours a week on average. • Within schools • Within the community

  15. Effects • Psychosocial Risks • targets of early and systematic social discrimination • low self-esteem • Cardiovascular Disease Risks • high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and abnormal glucose tolerance. • In a sample of 5 to 17-year-olds, 70% of obese children had at least one CVD risk factor while 39% of obese children had two or more CVD risk factors

  16. Effects • Additional Health Risks • Asthma • Hepatic steatosis • fatty degeneration of the liver • Sleep apnea • 7% of obese children • Type 2 diabetes. • Cause CVD and kidney failure

  17. Obese children and adolescents are more likely to become obese as adults • 80% of children who were overweight at aged 10–15 years were obese adults at age 25 years. • 25% of obese adults were overweight as children • If overweight begins before 8 years of age, obesity in adulthood is likely to be more severe.

  18. Programs • Indiana is currently developing a obesity prevention plan. • collection of height and weight data in grades 3, 5, and 7 • promote calorie menu-labeling • Michelle Obama/White House Task Force on Childhood Obesity • Goal: Cut Child Obesity From 20% to 5% by 2030

  19. References • Healthy weight. (2010, June 28). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/ index.html • DeNoon, D.J. (2010, May 11). Michelle obama's plan to end childhood obesity epidemic. WebMD, Retrieved from http://children.webmd.com/news/20100511/michelle-obama- plan-to-end-child-obesity-epidemic • Tween nutritional requirements. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://life. familyeducation.com/tween/healthy-lifestyle/55985.html • Nutrient standards. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.fns.usda.gov/tn/resources/NAP1.pdf • National school lunch program. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www. fns.usda.gov/cnd/lunch/aboutlunch/NSLPFactSheet.pdf

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